{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:29:12Z","timestamp":1787066952117,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Gansu provincial joint research fund of science and technology planning project","award":["24JRRA890"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24JRRA890"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FA-2-b-\u03b2, an extract derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been suggested as a potential neuroprotective agent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to elucidate its role in modulating HMGB1-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with a particular emphasis on the interaction between FA-2-b-\u03b2 and HMGB1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AD cell and animal models were used to examine the effect of FA-2-b-\u03b2 on HMGB1\/NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Protein expression levels were detected by western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to determine the cellular localization of key proteins. The role of HMGB1 in amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2)-induced neuroinflammation and pyroptosis was examined through siRNA-mediated HMGB1 knockdown. Behavioral tests were conducted in AD animal models to evaluate cognitive improvements following FA-2-b-\u03b2 treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In cellular models, FA-2-b-\u03b2 significantly suppressed A\u03b2-induced overexpression HMGB1 and inhibited the activation of NF-\u03baB, which consequently led to a reduction in the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. This suppression resulted in decreased of activation caspase-1 and lower levels of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18, thereby alleviating pyroptosis and neuroinflammation. The knockdown of HMGB1 further corroborated its role in mediating A\u03b2-induced inflammatory responses. In AD animal models, treatment with FA-2-b-\u03b2 attenuated neuroinflammation, preserved neuronal integrity, and enhanced cognitive function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FA-2-b-\u03b2 exhibits a capacity to modulate the HMGB1\/NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 signaling pathway, thereby mitigating neuroinflammation and pyroptosis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention for AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261418300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T07:56:26Z","timestamp":1770796586000},"page":"882-894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["FA-2-b-\u03b2 modulates HMGB1\/NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 signaling to alleviate neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Yamin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"},{"name":"Gansu Provincial Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gansu Provincial Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3755-8034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanqing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Teaching Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2023.115522"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30412-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30440-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24097913"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.3c00343"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-210268"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109618"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25094676"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c08482"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202100338"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2023.12.078"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2020.12133"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2023.106379"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","article-title":"Advanced glycation end products-induced Alzheimer's disease and its novel therapeutic approaches: a comprehensive review","volume":"16","author":"Kothandan D","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kothandan D, Singh DS, Yerrakula G, et al. 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