{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T12:12:05Z","timestamp":1783944725970,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007219","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22ZR1478100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22ZR1478100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Medical Innovation Research Special Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission","award":["22Y11911200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22Y11911200"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common dementia etiology after Alzheimer's disease. However, plasma biomarkers of VCI remain insufficiently validated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to identify plasma biomarker candidates for VCI by using integrated multi-omics analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We prospectively recruited VCI patients and healthy controls (HCs), performed proteomic and metabolomic analyses with ELISA validation, and conducted plasma protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL)-based Mendelian randomization (MR) with VCI-related imaging phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Proteomics identified 871 differentially upregulated proteins, in 8 VCI patients compared to 6 HCs. Proteins containing YWHAZ, CLDN5, VCL, TPM4, TLN1, CAP1, ITGB3, GP1BB, and ROCK2 were further investigated. ELISA validation conducted on another 8 VCI patients and 8 HCs showed levels of CAP1 (257.1\u2009\u00b1\u200951.48 versus 204.7\u2009\u00b1\u200927.47\u2005ng\/L, 95% CI: 8.19\u201396.68,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0235) and ROCK2 (10.10\u2009\u00b1\u20092.417 versus 7.555\u2009\u00b1\u20091.835\u2005ng\/mL, 95% CI: 0.24\u20134.84,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0328) were significantly higher in the VCI group. CAP1 expression demonstrated a significant association with glycolysis-related metabolites, particularly lactate and the complex glycolysis score, based on adjusted rank correlation analysis (panel-wise FDR &lt; 0.05). MR analysis utilizing plasma pQTL data and vascular dementia and its imaging-derived phenotypes suggested no evidence for a causal effect in either direction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma CAP1 and ROCK2 levels were observed elevated in individuals with VCI, with CAP1 showing metabolomic consistency in relation to glycolytic pathways. These findings provide preliminary exploratory signals suggesting that CAP1 and ROCK2 may merit further investigation in the context of VCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261423568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T13:58:10Z","timestamp":1773669490000},"page":"1355-1364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploratory evaluation of CAP1 and ROCK2 as candidate blood biomarkers for vascular cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weisen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The 983rd Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Hebei District, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingcheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5543-3677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjia","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e3182299496"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-023-00884-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"11","article-title":"The prevalence of vascular dementia in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 2009-2019","volume":"50","author":"Jiao C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiao C, Wei S, Liu T, et al. The prevalence of vascular dementia in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 2009-2019. Iran J Public Health 2021; 50: 11\u201323.","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.3.447"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877241297155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000375366"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of vascular cognitive impairment in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Liang SZ","unstructured":"Liang SZ, Li S, Guan A, et al. Incidence and prevalence of vascular cognitive impairment in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Stroke Vasc Neurol. Epub ahead of print 31 August 2025. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/svn-2025-004436.","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adf5681"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000375296"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1496711"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21781"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.792227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu328"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.12824"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.013761"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000237236.88823.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00978-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930241279888"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70381"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2025.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2004.00286.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000510053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.484535"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13062-025-00646-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2023.151357"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-021-00796-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-022-00303-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.10865"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23092371"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2023.115816"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07430"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-019-00351-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000099062.55042.9A"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000181077.84981.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-023-01590-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.135234"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.27060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.68304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crtox.2024.100207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-022-00336-w"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877261423568","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13872877261423568","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877261423568","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T11:43:57Z","timestamp":1783943037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13872877261423568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13872877261423568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13872877261423568","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]}}}