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These changes reflect the early disruption of the central autonomic network, the system that links the brain and the heart to maintain physiological balance. Electroencephalography (EEG) measures the brain's electrical activity and reveals patterns of cortical slowing and desynchronization, while heart-rate variability (HRV) reflects how flexibly the heart responds to internal and external demands. This narrative review brings together evidence published between 2000 and 2025 on the combined use of EEG and HRV as a single, integrated biomarker for AD. Studies consistently show that EEG-HRV coupling, which reflects how well the brain and heart communicate, provides better accuracy in distinguishing mild cognitive impairment and early AD than either measure alone. The findings reveal a shared loss of co-ordination between neural and autonomic systems, which is a hallmark of neurovisceral decline. 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