{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T09:09:45Z","timestamp":1779181785651,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CUG150607"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUG150607"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physical exercise shows neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD) models, but whether it modulates neuroinflammation through regulation of peripheral T-cell activity is still unresolved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study aimed to explore the mechanisms by which aerobic exercise regulates peripheral T cell-mediated immune responses and their potential contribution to neuroinflammation in AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Male wild-type mice and APP\/PS1 transgenic mice were divided into four groups: wild-type sedentary mice (WT-SE) group, wild-type exercise group (WT-EX), APP\/PS1 transgenic AD sedentary mice (AD-SE) group, and APP\/PS1 transgenic AD exercise mice (AD-EX) group. The sedentary groups received no exercise training, while the exercise groups underwent a 3-month treadmill aerobic exercise intervention. At the end of the intervention, T lymphocytes were isolated from spleens. Label-free proteomics combined with LC-MS\/MS was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and perform functional and pathway enrichment analyses. Differentially expressed protein-coding genes were validated at the mRNA level using RT-qPCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 3399 proteins were quantified across the four groups. Applying a threshold of |log\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      fold change|\u2009&gt;\u20090.67 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">q-value<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05, 913 DEPs were identified. These DEPs were significantly enriched in biological processes including immune system processes, protein-containing complexes, and structural molecule activity, as well as signaling pathways including AD, TGF-\u03b2, and apoptosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, HSP90AB1, HSP90AA1, BAG5, DNAJC8, CTSD, and ANXA1 may play a role in peripheral T-cell immune dysregulation in AD, with potential implications for central neuroinflammation. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on AD-related peripheral immune alterations, and its potential modulation of neuroinflammation, may be associated with expression changes in DEPs including Ppp2r1b, Pde2a, Casp8, Apaf-1, Dnajb11, and Dnajc13.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261436840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T14:06:57Z","timestamp":1774879617000},"page":"860-877","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aerobic exercise intervention in Alzheimer's disease: Proteomic insights into peripheral T cell\u2013mediated immune pathways"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6369-4105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4448-5719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1115387"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112265"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2010.07564.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006189"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2018.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-022-01721-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm.15.79"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00549-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4610"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000486200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(01)00496-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2017.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1304-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1525466113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Biological mechanism of exercise remitting Alzheimer's disease and ameliorating recognition","volume":"41","author":"Feng Y","year":"2017","unstructured":"Feng Y, Bo X, Biao H, et al. 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