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Acupuncture shows potential for these disorders, but existing studies have inconsistent results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the effect of acupuncture on overall cognitive function in patients with AD and MCI via meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Literature from six databases on acupuncture, AD, and MCI was searched. Meta-analyses and moderator analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta Analysis V3.0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      52 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 3362 AD\/MCI patients were included. Results showed that acupuncture alone outperformed blank or placebos (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      =1.09, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009[0.60, 1.58], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        I\n                        <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200991.39%). In addition, acupuncture alone (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.45, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009[0.22, 0.67], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        I\n                        <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200969.38%) and combined with Western medicine (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.18, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009[0.92, 1.44], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        I\n                        <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200990.73%) were superior to Western medicine alone. Moderator analysis revealed significant effect of type of patients, showing larger effect in AD than MCI in acupuncture combined with Western medicine (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910.20, p\u2009=\u20090.001). Regarding types of acupuncture, manual acupuncture (MA) and electroacupuncture (EA) showed no significant difference between them (alone:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.38, p\u2009=\u20090.536; combined with Western medicine:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Q<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.57, p\u2009=\u20090.449) and both outperformed Western medicine alone.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acupuncture could improve overall cognitive function in AD and MCI, with similar effects between MA and EA. Due to the heterogeneity and variable methodological quality of the studies included, our results must be interpreted with caution. Still, these results suggest acupuncture may be an adjuvant to Western medicine for eligible patients and a potential alternative for short-term cognitive improvement when Western medicine is contraindicated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261438495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T14:21:56Z","timestamp":1775658116000},"page":"959-978","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The interventional effect of acupuncture on overall cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9814-3234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Bo\u2019ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenggang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Research Institute, Beijing Wanfang Medical Information Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenglei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Research Institute, Beijing Wanfang Medical Information Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5764-6740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ya","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Normal University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1963-580X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenxiang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7566-2912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalian University"},{"name":"Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9608-0962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiqun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Center Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3967-6564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenbo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Bo\u2019ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1217-4265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shantou University Medical College"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging, Longgang District Maternity &amp; 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