{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:02:56Z","timestamp":1780390976997,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Problems with visual attention can be an early indication for the emergence of dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current research assessed visual attention using three iPad administered, digital cancellation tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Letter and Symbol Cancellation Tests asked participants to circle a specific letter or symbol. On the Mixed Cancellation Test, participants alternated circling a letter, then a symbol. Five outcome variables were tallied: correct hits; mean intra-response pause or \u201c\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">think\u201d<\/jats:italic>\n                      time; mean drawing or \u201c\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ink\u201d<\/jats:italic>\n                      time to circle correct hits; mean distance or search between correct targets; and commission errors. All but commission errors were expressed in four cumulative time epochs; 0\u201330\u2005s, 0\u201360\u2005s, 0\u201390\u2005s, and 0\u2013120\u2005s. Using a protocol of paper\/ pencil neuropsychological tests, Jak, Bondi criteria were used to classify 145 memory clinic patients into groups suggesting normal cognitive abilities (CL; n\u2009=\u200945); subtle or mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n\u2009=\u200962); and mild dementia (DEM; n\u2009=\u200938).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For correct hits and mean pause\/ \u201cthink\u201d time, the three groups were dissociated from each other at 60, 90, and 120\u2005s. For mean drawing\/\u2018ink\u2019 time far fewer between-group differences were found. There was no difference across the three tests for mean search. On the Symbol and Mixed Cancellation Tests, MCI and DEM patients produced more commission errors than CL participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Faster pause or \u201c\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">think time\u201d<\/jats:italic>\n                      , perhaps reflecting better disengagement from circling target items, may underlie better cancellation test performance. When brought to scale, The Rowan Cancellation Tests could be an effective means to screen for MCI and emergent dementia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261441636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T14:36:47Z","timestamp":1776955007000},"page":"1168-1179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Defining neurocognitive constructs underlying visual attention in mild cognitive impairment and dementia using digital assessment technology"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6617-6066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Libon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University"},{"name":"Rowan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia A.","family":"Bazzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica G.","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine"},{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine C.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ileana De","family":"Anda-Duran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9115-7470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjiman","family":"Chapin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine M.","family":"Urbina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine"},{"name":"The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganesh","family":"Baliga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rowan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200586"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617712000069"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gln008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-012-9161-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2023.2249626"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","article-title":"How do impairments in cognitive functions affect activities of daily living functions in older adults?","volume":"14","author":"Lee MT","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee MT, Jang Y, Chang WY. 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