{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:59:55Z","timestamp":1790773195413,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-KH127855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-KH127855"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020206","name":"Korea Dementia Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Korea Dementia Research Project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Korea Dementia Research Project"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020206","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are the mainstay of symptomatic treatment, and vascular dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to AD pathophysiology. While donepezil is a standard AD treatment, its effects on the vascular system remain poorly understood despite known neurovascular interactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether donepezil treatment influences endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) populations and differentiation capacity in patients with AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EPCs were evaluated in healthy controls and patients with AD (n\u2009=\u200920 per group; N\u2009=\u200980 total): controls (Ctrl), patients initiating donepezil 5\u2005mg (Dp_Start), patients receiving donepezil 5\u2005mg for \u22656 months (Dp_5\u2005mg), and patients escalated to 10\u2005mg after \u22656 months of 5\u2005mg treatment (Dp_10\u2005mg). Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Circulating EPCs were quantified by flow cytometry, and EPC differentiation capacity was assessed by counting early and late EPC colony-forming units (CFUs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At baseline, EPC differentiation capacity was reduced in AD patients compared with controls. Circulating EPC levels did not show significant changes across groups or treatment durations. In contrast, both early and late EPC CFU counts were significantly increased in AD patients receiving donepezil, particularly during the first 12 weeks of treatment. This effect was pronounced in patients initiating donepezil therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Donepezil enhanced EPC differentiation into early and late populations without altering circulating EPC levels. These findings suggest that donepezil improves EPC functional competence and vascular regenerative capacity beyond its established cognitive effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261444020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:55:17Z","timestamp":1777528517000},"page":"1751-1759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Donepezil increases angiogenic potential in patients with Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Mijung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0277-6326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University Hospital"},{"name":"Seoul National University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0333-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-08186-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2022.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000001252"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11795735211029113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X16500853"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15451"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2011.02.073"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-102136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01359-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2013.09.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2016.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpz036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"121068","article-title":"Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors promote angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane and inhibit apoptosis of endothelial cells","volume":"2013","author":"Mortazavian SM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mortazavian SM, Parsaee H, Mousavi SH, et al. 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