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Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are promising biomarkers of neurodegeneration, but their relationship with white matter (WM) integrity remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate associations between fluid neurodegeneration biomarkers and WM microstructure in a Brazilian cohort of individuals across the AD continuum and cognitively healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ninety-one participants were included: 27 cognitively healthy controls (mean age\u2009=\u200968.3\u2009\u00b1\u20095.2 years) and 64 amyloid-positive individuals with mild cognitive impairment or AD dementia (mean age\u2009=\u200970.6\u2009\u00b1\u20096.9 years). AD participants were characterized by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentrations (&lt;540\u2005pg\/mL) and altered A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/p-Tau and A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/t-Tau ratios. Serum and CSF concentrations of NfL and GFAP were measured using single-molecule array technology and examined in relation to diffusion tensor imaging metrics, including fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity, and axial diffusivity (AxD).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Within the clinical AD group, higher serum NfL levels were associated with lower AxD in the left cingulum tract (r\u2009=\u2009-0.372, p\u2009=\u20090.007). In cognitively healthy controls, serum NfL showed positive correlations with AxD and mean diffusivity in the right cingulum (r\u2009=\u20090.650, p\u2009=\u20090.001 and r\u2009=\u20090.607, p\u2009=\u20090.003, respectively). No significant associations were observed between serum or CSF GFAP concentrations and diffusion tensor imaging metrics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum NfL was associated with anatomically specific WM microstructural changes, with differing patterns across clinical groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261467065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T03:42:51Z","timestamp":1784778171000},"page":"158-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relation of fluid neurodegeneration biomarkers with white matter integrity in Alzheimer's disease patients in Latin America"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0825-1387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thamires N.C.","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Campinas (UNICAMP)"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0643-7110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphael F.","family":"Casseb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Campinas (UNICAMP)"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9365-573X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriel S.","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Campinas (UNICAMP)"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila V.L.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute (SOM), Morgantown, WV, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana M.","family":"Carletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Campinas (UNICAMP)"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8453-0313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiago J.R.","family":"De 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