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However, recent evidence suggests BOLD-LFOs shed light on cerebrovascular dysfunction and preclinical Alzheimer's disease, but the mechanisms remain unclear. No investigations have assessed the relationship between BOLD-LFOs and plasma pTau\n                      <jats:sub>217<\/jats:sub>\n                      , or how it differs in apolipoprotein \u03b54 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) carriers who are vulnerable to cerebrovascular dysfunction and genetically predisposed to AD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To study the relationship between BOLD-LFOs and plasma p-Tau\n                      <jats:sub>217<\/jats:sub>\n                      in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      carriers compared to non-carriers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Independently living older adults (N\u2009=\u2009118) were recruited and underwent resting-state fMRI and venipuncture. BOLD-LFOs were quantified as signal power within the 0.01\u20130.10\u2005Hz frequency range. Plasma pTau\n                      <jats:sub>217<\/jats:sub>\n                      was assessed and linear regression quantified the interactive effect of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      carrier status and BOLD-LFOs on plasma pTau\n                      <jats:sub>217<\/jats:sub>\n                      . 2\u00d72 ANCOVA was used to compare BOLD-LFOs across\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      carrier and amyloid positivity statuses based on previously reported pTau\n                      <jats:sub>217<\/jats:sub>\n                      cutoffs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The interactive effect of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      carrier status and BOLD-LFO power was significantly associated with plasma pTau\n                      <jats:sub>217<\/jats:sub>\n                      (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009-0.78, p\u2009=\u20090.001). This relationship was driven by an inverse relationship between BOLD-LFOs and plasma pTau\n                      <jats:sub>217<\/jats:sub>\n                      in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      carriers (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.57, p\u2009=\u20090.0007). Amyloid-\u03b2 (+)\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      carriers displayed lower BOLD-LFOs than amyloid-\u03b2 (-)\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      carriers (p\u2009=\u20090.008) and amyloid-\u03b2 (+) non-carriers (p\u2009=\u20090.03). Models were adjusted for age, sex, vascular risk factors, and total intracranial volume.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Findings suggests BOLD-LFOs are implicated in preclinical AD in an\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      dependent manner, adding support for the continued study of BOLD-LFOs in the context of cerebrovascular contributions to AD genetic risk.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261467275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:07:14Z","timestamp":1783606034000},"page":"169-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Low frequency blood-oxygen-level-dependent oscillations,\n                    <i>APOE4,<\/i>\n                    and plasma pTau\n                    <sub>217<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9634-702X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trevor","family":"Lohman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California"},{"name":"University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4622-8951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arunima","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison C.","family":"Engstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Joyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Quiring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Paul M.","family":"Alitin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aimee","family":"Gaubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Head","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen E.","family":"Rodgers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovations in Brain Science, Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bradford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovations in Brain Science, Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8979-7524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basant","family":"Lashin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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