{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:56:48Z","timestamp":1790675808336,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019721","name":"Roche Espa\u00f1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019721","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Caring for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is increasingly recognized as a significant clinical challenge. However, the latent burden, driven by perceived stigma and gender-specific vulnerabilities, remains poorly characterized during these early stages of cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of care partner strain and affiliate stigma, and to identify independent correlates of psychological distress and protective factors among informal care partners of individuals with MCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study across 19 memory clinics in Spain. Care partners (n\u2009=\u2009196) were evaluated using the Zarit Burden Interview, Affiliate Stigma Scale, and validated instruments assessing resilience, relationship quality, coping strategies, and psychological distress. Multivariate logistic regression models identified independent predictors of burden and stigma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant care partner strain affected 59.7% of the cohort, while 39.3% perceived themselves as stigmatized. Multivariate analysis revealed that high burden was independently associated with anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.13, p\u2009=\u20090.017) and perceived stigma (OR = 1.07, p\u2009=\u20090.007). High resilience served as the primary determinant protecting the 60.7% of partners who did not report significant stigma (OR = 1.05, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Compared to their male counterparts, female care partners were significantly younger and reported higher levels of burden, anxiety, and stigma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Care partner strain and affiliate stigma are correlated phenomena that emerge long before formal patient dependency. These findings underscore the need for gender-sensitive clinical frameworks and specific interventions that actively strengthen resilience immediately upon MCI diagnosis to mitigate early psychological deterioration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261474135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T15:19:32Z","timestamp":1785943172000},"page":"1075-1083","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Burden, perception of stigma, and gender differences among informal care partners of individuals with mild cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Pascual","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Juan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n de Enfermedades Neurol\u00f3gicas, Fundaci\u00f3n CIEN, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2964-2045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Garc\u00eda-Arcelay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roche Farma"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maril\u00f3","family":"Almagro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spanish Alzheimer's Confederation (Confederaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Alzheimer), Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mircea","family":"Balasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheime\u0155s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Cl\u00ednic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerad","family":"Pi\u00f1ol-Ripoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive disorders Unit, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biom\u00e9dica de 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Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6359-5097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angel","family":"Berbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Cruz Roja Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Espejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Cecilio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miquel","family":"Baquero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitari i Polit\u00e8cnic La Fe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Marin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4186-1037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio","family":"Franco-Macias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6834-7620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Villarejo-Galende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Vi\u00f1uela Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Victoria Eugenia\/Unidad Deterioro Cognitivo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Feria Vilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de 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