{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:57:41Z","timestamp":1790675861995,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although both apolipoprotein E (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) \u03b54 and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), it remains unclear whether they interact to affect cognitive decline among older adults without dementia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed to examine the interactive effects of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54 and GDNF on longitudinal cognitive decline.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 543 individuals (mean age 73 [\u00b17] years; 43% female) with cognitively unimpaired (CU) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were included from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the contributions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GDNF levels and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54 status to longitudinal changes in cognitive measures, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Clinical Dementia Rating - Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), the 13-item Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog-13), and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) total score.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found that the 3-way interaction (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54\u2009\u00d7\u2009GDNF \u00d7 time) was significant for MMSE, CDR-SB, and ADAS-Cog-13, and of marginal significance for RAVLT total score, after adjusting for age, sex, and education. Specifically, individuals who were\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54 carriers with low CSF GDNF levels showed the fastest rate of cognitive decline among the four groups (Low\/\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      -, High\/\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      -, Low\/\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      +, and High\/\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE4<\/jats:italic>\n                      +).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54 appears to interact with CSF GDNF levels to affect longitudinal cognitive decline among older adults without dementia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261477047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T15:23:46Z","timestamp":1786721026000},"page":"1396-1406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cerebrospinal fluid glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor levels interact with\n                    <i>APOE<\/i>\n                    \u03b54 genotype to influence cognitive decline in older adults without dementia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0609-0949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2350-9543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengzhen","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8346443"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0228-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(00)00164-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.263"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30412-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8493557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00452-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2009-1146"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2013.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04909-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.10145"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29988-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2007.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150172"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e25"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220399"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14755-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.141.11.1356"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","volume-title":"Rey auditory verbal learning test: A handbook","author":"Schmidt M","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schmidt M. Rey auditory verbal learning test: A handbook. Western Psychological Services, 1996."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0809437"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn812"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2024.105765"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-020-0358-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/378785a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2020.118664"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12212512"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.0992"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914984107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2016.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.05.008"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877261477047","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13872877261477047","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877261477047","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:08:31Z","timestamp":1790672911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13872877261477047"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13872877261477047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13872877261477047","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]}}}