{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T08:57:11Z","timestamp":1791881831788,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is linked to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and vascular dementia, but its longitudinal change as an independent risk factor remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to compare baseline WMH across diagnostic outcomes, and evaluate how WMH trajectory relates to outcomes, cognition, and amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) deposition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) included demographics, medical history, WMH, diagnosis, cognition, and amyloid-PET. A total of 857 participants (372 cognitively normal [CN], 485 MCI) were categorized by diagnostic outcome. Baseline WMH differences were analyzed. WMH trajectories (higher\/lower) were used in logistic models to predict outcomes, and in linear models to assess cognitive and A\u03b2 changes, adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, BMI, education level, total brain volume and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline WMH was significantly higher in the CN-MCI group compared to the CN-CN group and lower in the MCI-CN group than in the MCI-MCI and MCI-AD dementia groups (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Controlling for covariates, regression models found that CN participants with higher WMH trajectories had higher odds of MCI (OR = 3.710, 95%CI [1.836,7.499], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and that participants with higher WMH trajectories had greater impairments in domains of memory (\u03b2=\u22120.331, 95%CI[\u22120.454,\u22120.208], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), executive function (\u03b2=\u22120.275, 95%CI[\u22120.370,\u22120.179], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and language (\u03b2=\u22120.248, 95%CI[\u22120.344,\u22120.152], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In [18F] florbetapir (FBP) tracers, increased A\u03b2 deposition was also observed in higher WMH groups (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.056, 95% CI[0.018,0.095], p\u2009=\u20090.004).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>WMH baseline and trajectory changes are key risk factors for CN cognitive decline. WMH trajectory changes are linked to cognitive function and brain A\u03b2 deposition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261482151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:17:37Z","timestamp":1788452257000},"page":"1833-1843","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of baseline characteristics between cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment and association of white matter hyperintensity trajectories with diagnostic outcomes, cognition, and amyloid-\u03b2 protein: A longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Weili","family":"Ba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuiping","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenxing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8463-2245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000505"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.737359"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12750"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2016.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","article-title":"The temporal relationships between white matter hyperintensities, neurodegeneration, amyloid beta, and cognition","volume":"12","author":"Dadar M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dadar M, Camicioli R, Duchesne S, et al. 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