{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:37:57Z","timestamp":1793090277610,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Institute of Aging, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities MiHero","award":["S21MD012472"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S21MD012472"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0493hgw16","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health \/National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities and UNTHSC IMSD R25 Training Program","award":["5 R25 GM125587-05,"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5 R25 GM125587-05,"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0493hgw16","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Neurobiology of Aging and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease T32 Training Fellowship","award":["T32 AG020494"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AG020494"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The strongest genetic risk factor for development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and\/or AD-related dementias is the \u03b54 allele in the apolipoprotein E (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) gene, though the frequency and impact of this variant on cognitive decline can vary across populations. Vascular and metabolic disorders (e.g., hypertension and diabetes) are co-morbidities for AD and are particularly impactful in underrepresented, non-White populations and may play a role in differential AD outcomes. Here we investigate the impact of gene-gene interactions between the vascular regulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      and how they relate to cognitive impairment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Determine if vascular and AD genetic risk factors interact to contribute to differential cognitive impairment outcomes across populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Stratifying by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54 status, RAAS:APOE epistasis association testing was completed on self-reported African American (AAs), Mexican Americans (MAs), and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) enrolled in the Health &amp; Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities dataset, using PLINK.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Population-specific epistasis profiles connecting cardiovascular and cognitive impairment were found in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54- AAs, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u03b54+ MAs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population-specific epistasis profiles support epistasis as a potential mechanism for differential AD outcomes in AAs, MAs, and NHWs, considering \u03b54 positivity. This is the first study linking AD and vascular co-morbidities to cognitive impairment risk in the HABS-HD dataset via epistasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261484965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T04:18:17Z","timestamp":1789445897000},"page":"99-118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["APOE:RAAS epistasis as a population specific risk factor for cognitive impairment and cardiovascular health"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2702-1983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda E.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Texas Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Texas Health"},{"name":"University of North Texas Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8039-418X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengyang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Texas Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3248-0355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harlan P.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Texas Health"},{"name":"University of North Texas Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9324-2687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole R.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Texas Health"},{"name":"University of North Texas Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"2026 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association. 2026 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer\u2019s Association, 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12362"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12662"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","article-title":"Chronic stress, social support, and Alzheimer\u2019s blood-based biomarkers in the HABS-HD study","volume":"21","author":"Lee JK","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee JK, Johnson L, Hall JR, et al. Chronic stress, social support, and Alzheimer\u2019s blood-based biomarkers in the HABS-HD study. Alzheimers Dement 2025; 21: e70043.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23337214221142944"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00710-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-121420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.0976"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpac063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11020408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-018-0107-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0297-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.200800022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31964-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20120269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2022.101162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01118-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2010.116"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","article-title":"Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD) methods and partner characteristics","volume":"11","author":"Petersen ME","year":"2025","unstructured":"Petersen ME, Zhou Z, Hall JR, et al. Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD) methods and partner characteristics. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2025; 11: e70140.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (N Y)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000069"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31625-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2012.63"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xgen.2024.100506"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2015.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2022.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27850-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","first-page":"4857","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing analysis of the human metabolome in multi-ethnic populations","volume":"14","author":"Feofanova EV","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feofanova EV, Brown MR, Alkis T, et al. Whole-genome sequencing analysis of the human metabolome in multi-ethnic populations. Nat Commun 2023; 14: 4857.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giae014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-023-00582-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj1541"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01891-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13507"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1310-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-018-0458-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2012.24"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13522"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2018.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2018.00410"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230424"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.10.751"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.674318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddy211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-57457-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-07453-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53452-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877261484965","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13872877261484965","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877261484965","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:01:27Z","timestamp":1793088087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13872877261484965"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13872877261484965"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13872877261484965","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]}}}