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Cognitive performance, cerebral perfusion, amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) deposition, glial reactivity, tight-junction transcripts, and perivascular astrocyte\u2013vascular organization were assessed. The therapeutic effects of IHT were then evaluated in this mixed dementia-like model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BCAS-induced hypoperfusion aggravated cognitive impairment in early-stage 5xFAD mice and accelerated pathological changes, including increased A\u03b2 burden and stronger glial reactivity. These changes were accompanied by altered tight-junction transcripts and impaired perivascular astrocyte\u2013vascular organization. IHT mitigated several features of the mixed dementia phenotype, including cerebral hypoperfusion, A\u03b2 accumulation, glial reactivity, and altered perivascular AQP4\/CD31 organization, while partially improving cognitive performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can exacerbate early AD-related pathological and cognitive changes. IHT may alleviate mixed dementia-like phenotypes by improving cerebral perfusion, with accompanying changes in perivascular AQP4\/CD31 organization and tight-junction transcripts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261497235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:53:16Z","timestamp":1791910396000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intermittent hypoxia training alleviates cerebral hypoperfusion and amyloid-\u03b2 deposition in a mixed dementia model established by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis in early-stage 5xFAD mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Chenchen","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing 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