{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T14:35:36Z","timestamp":1793025336934,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792713600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Discourse assessment captures communicative abilities integrating linguistic, cognitive, and pragmatic processes and is widely used to characterize communication changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify and map clinically applicable methods and linguistic measures for assessing discourse changes in persons with AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review followed JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Observational studies assessing spoken discourse in persons with AD compared with normocognitive controls were identified through systematic searches of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts, and Scopus. Studies based exclusively on automated language-processing approaches were excluded to maintain a focus on clinically applicable assessment. English or French-language studies were included. To assess inter-rater reliability, data from 17\/76 studies (22.4%) in the broader review were independently extracted by two reviewers, with high agreement; remaining studies were extracted by one reviewer, with uncertainties resolved collectively. Extracted data included elicitation tasks, coding procedures, linguistic domains, and outcome measures and were summarized descriptively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-nine papers were included. Picture description predominated, followed by conversational and narrative formats. Across papers, 291 distinct linguistic measures were identified. Discourse\/pragmatic measures constituted the largest domain and had the greatest number of reported statistically significant findings. Fluency measures were also frequently associated with statistically significant differences, whereas morphosyntactic measures showed fewer such findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Substantial variability in elicitation procedures, operational definitions, and linguistic measures limits cross-study comparability. Methodological harmonization and further evaluation of the psychometric and clinical properties of discourse measures are needed to support evidence-based clinical assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877261497928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T04:13:36Z","timestamp":1792815216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Discourse-based assessment in clinical context for persons with Alzheimer's disease: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7068-9881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Duboisdindien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Durieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mireille","family":"Kieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lille"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5152-3512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Cattini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511805226"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"Approaches to discourse","author":"Schiffrin D.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Schiffrin D. Approaches to discourse. Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1994."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203431269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170881"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699206.2023.2174450"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820600624216"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12444"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-45190-4_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1280"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10433-021-00619-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030444000183"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J018v21n01_05"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2020.1798883"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_AJSLP-19-00094"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153331750101600401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2022.2039372"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2024_JSLHR-24-00274"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2024.132"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2018.1446513"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2019.1608502"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2017.1338663"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031288"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Choosing discourse outcome measures to assess clinical change","volume":"41","author":"Boyle M.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boyle M. Choosing discourse outcome measures to assess clinical change. Semin Speech Lang 2020; 41: 1\u20139.","journal-title":"Semin Speech Lang"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","article-title":"Discourse-based assessment in clinical context for persons with mild cognitive impairment: a scoping review","volume":"114","author":"Duboisdindien G","year":"2026","unstructured":"Duboisdindien G, Durieux N, Kieu M, et al. Discourse-based assessment in clinical context for persons with mild cognitive impairment: a scoping review. J Alzheimers Dis 2026; 114: IN PRESS. (ALZ-26-0522.R1).","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Duboisdindien G Cattini J Kieu M et al. Discursive measures to characterize patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a scoping review. Figshare 10.6084\/m9.figshare.30850097.v1. (2025 accessed 19 August 2026).","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.30850097.v1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-20-00167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945902250038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Br Med J 2021; 372: n71.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-199601040-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-200004000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1417966"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13820"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2012.654933"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70192-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2626(03)00104-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pragma.2012.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","first-page":"125","article-title":"Communication, discourse and dementia","volume":"3","author":"Ska B","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ska B, Duong A. Communication, discourse and dementia. Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil 2005; 3: 125\u2013133.","journal-title":"Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroling.2006.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688639108405108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5327\/Z1982-12472013000100011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2012.757760"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14015439.2015.1041551"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4943(98)00099-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_JSLHR-L-14-0341"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-837246"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-302798"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.1999.2055"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2001\/085)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(87)80011-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/jlin.1994.4.1.50"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.707628"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3922\/j.psns.2009.2.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","first-page":"123","article-title":"Informational content in the discourse of patients with probable Alzheimer\u2019s disease and patients with right brain damage","volume":"21","author":"Cherney LR","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cherney LR, Canter GJ. Informational content in the discourse of patients with probable Alzheimer\u2019s disease and patients with right brain damage. Clin Aphasiol 1992; 21: 123\u2013134.","journal-title":"Clin Aphasiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brcg.1994.1026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610210001092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1980-57642014DN83000010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610218001758"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9924(95)00053-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-57642018dn13-020012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.1997.1871"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2010.521612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687039608248419"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(91)90117-J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2003.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(89)90116-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2003\/027)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12721"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroling.2009.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0911-6044(98)00006-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699209708985197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(92)90055-J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3805.1054"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroling.2023.101189"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2803.405"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699206.2022.2112085"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5301.08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(91)90133-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153331759701200604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14769670500065984"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2016.1239013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13395"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-024-10961-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877261497928","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/13872877261497928","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/13872877261497928","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T13:56:12Z","timestamp":1793022972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13872877261497928"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]]},"references-count":90,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/13872877261497928"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13872877261497928","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-2877","1875-8908"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-2877","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8908","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]]},"article-number":"13872877261497928"}}