{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:08:55Z","timestamp":1787314135936,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]],"date-time":"2017-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims: This study aims to explore the associations between final compulsory school grades and gambling and their relation to substance use and perceived mental health among people aged 18\u201329 in Finland (N = 831). Methods: Cross-sectional random sample data, weighted on the basis of age, gender and region of residence, were collected in 2015. The data were analysed using logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables, risky alcohol use, daily smoking, and perceived mental health. Results: Weekly gambling and at-risk and problem gambling (ARPG) were more common among men. Weekly gambling was linked to smoking and risky alcohol use among men and smoking among women. Additionally, ARPG was linked to risky alcohol use among men. ARPG was associated with moderate\/poor mental health among men and women, but this was not the case with weekly gambling. Among men, low and average final school grades at age 16 were associated with weekly gambling later in life, even when adjusting for other variables. Among women, low and average final school grades were not associated with weekly gambling when adjusting for substance use. Lower final school grades were associated with ARPG among women but not among men when all potential confounders were adjusted for. Conclusions: Adolescents with lower final school grades are more likely to gamble weekly later in life. Lower final school grades are also linked with ARPG among women. It is important therefore for schools to have clear policies on gambling and to implement early prevention programmes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494817726621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]],"date-time":"2017-08-29T02:59:33Z","timestamp":1503975573000},"page":"505-513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Compulsory school achievement and gambling among men and women aged 18\u201329 in Finland"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Tiina","family":"Latvala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcohol, drugs and addictions unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland"},{"name":"The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sari","family":"Castr\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcohol, drugs and addictions unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Speech Language Pathology, University of Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Alho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Abdominal Centre, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Salonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alcohol, drugs and addictions unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.10.008"},{"key":"bibr2-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023005115932"},{"key":"bibr3-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-012-9347-4"},{"key":"bibr4-1403494817726621","unstructured":"Salonen A, Raisamo S. Suomalaisten rahapelaaminen 2015. Rahapelaaminen, rahapeliongelmat ja rahapelaamiseen liittyv\u00e4t asenteet ja mielipiteet 15\u201374-vuotiailla [Finnish gambling 2015. Gambling, gambling problems, and attitudes and opinions on gambling among Finns aged 15\u201374]. National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL). Report 16\/2015, 2015."},{"key":"bibr5-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.01.029"},{"key":"bibr6-1403494817726621","first-page":"1","volume":"31","author":"Browne M","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Gambl Stud"},{"key":"bibr7-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.2011.00815.x"},{"key":"bibr8-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-597X-8-24"},{"key":"bibr9-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-012-9341-x"},{"key":"bibr10-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14459795.2016.1172651"},{"key":"bibr11-1403494817726621","unstructured":"Davidson T, Rodgers B, Markham F, et al. Gambling expenditure in the ACT (2014): By level of problem gambling, type of activity, and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Final Report, Canberra: Australian National University, 2016."},{"key":"bibr12-1403494817726621","unstructured":"Statistics Finland. Incomes and labor cost, http:\/\/tilastokeskus.fi\/tup\/suoluk\/suoluk_palkat.html, (2017, accessed 6 March 2017)."},{"key":"bibr13-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.02.033"},{"key":"bibr14-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4309\/jgi.2015.31.1"},{"key":"bibr15-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cks129"},{"key":"bibr16-1403494817726621","volume":"2016","author":"Ristikari T","year":"2016","journal-title":"Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos (THL) ja Nuorisotutkimusverkosto"},{"key":"bibr17-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2014.12.007"},{"key":"bibr18-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.16.1.3"},{"key":"bibr19-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01392.x"},{"key":"bibr20-1403494817726621","unstructured":"Ferris J, Wynne H. The Canadian Problem Gambling Index: Final Report, Ontario (CAN): the Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, 2001."},{"key":"bibr21-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.03.007"},{"key":"bibr22-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.16.1789"},{"key":"bibr23-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2010.00172.x"},{"key":"bibr24-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.51.5.730"},{"key":"bibr25-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-4-100"},{"key":"bibr26-1403494817726621","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/nsad-2016-0005"},{"key":"bibr27-1403494817726621","volume-title":"Queen of hearts: The needs of women with gambling problems","author":"Brown S","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr28-1403494817726621","first-page":"1","volume":"20","author":"Delfabbro P","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"bibr29-1403494817726621","author":"Williams RJ","year":"2017","journal-title":"The definition, dimensionalization, and assessment of gambling participation"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1403494817726621","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1403494817726621","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1403494817726621","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:13:32Z","timestamp":1777695212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1403494817726621"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1403494817726621"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1403494817726621","relation":{},"ISSN":["1403-4948","1651-1905"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1403-4948","type":"print"},{"value":"1651-1905","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]}}}