{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:39:54Z","timestamp":1777937994655,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690329600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One half of Norwegians die in nursing homes, where death certificates (DCs) are completed by two types of physicians: in-house physicians or physicians on call. The aims of this study were to examine differences in the quality of DCs due to type of physician and to uncover possible implications of errors for the public statistics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DCs from the year 2013 from nursing homes in the catchment area of Akershus University Hospital were examined with regard to logical deficiencies, garbage code diagnoses and type of certifying physician. In one third of cases, the registered causes of death were compared to information in the medical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 873 DCs from 24 nursing homes were evaluated. Physicians on call certified 46% of all deaths. Logical deficiencies were found in 34% of all DCs and were more common in DCs from physicians on call. Garbage code diagnoses were used in every third DC, with \u2018sudden death\u2019 or \u2018cause of death unknown\u2019 preferred by physicians on call and \u2018unspecified pneumonia\u2019 preferred by in-house physicians. Comparisons against medical records uncovered missing information in 49% and 35% of DCs from physicians on call and in-house physicians, respectively. A dementia diagnosis was frequently overlooked by both physician types. Garbage code diagnoses were more common in DCs with missing information from medical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Error rates in DCs in nursing homes in Norway are high. The results raise concerns about the validity of public cause of death statistics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948231187512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T03:16:57Z","timestamp":1690341417000},"page":"711-717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cause of death certificates in nursing homes: Does quality matter? A retrospective review from two counties in Norway"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9854-4051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna M.","family":"Eng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Akershus University Hospital, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6176-8871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"L. Ellingsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne G.","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, Department of Health Registries, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. Cecilie","family":"Alfsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Akershus University Hospital, Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61460-4"},{"key":"bibr2-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/4e56073a-en"},{"key":"bibr3-14034948231187512","first-page":"822","volume":"7","author":"Katsakiori PF","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"bibr4-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13693-w"},{"key":"bibr5-14034948231187512","volume-title":"International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (ICD-10)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016","edition":"5"},{"key":"bibr6-14034948231187512","unstructured":"Iris Institute, https:\/\/www.bfarm.de\/EN\/Code-systems\/Collaboration-and-projects\/Iris-Institute\/_node.html (accessed 31 July 2022)."},{"key":"bibr7-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1596\/0-1952-0890-0"},{"key":"bibr8-14034948231187512","volume":"396","author":"GBD","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bibr9-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-01525-w"},{"key":"bibr10-14034948231187512","volume":"135","author":"Pedersen AG","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Legeforen"},{"key":"bibr11-14034948231187512","volume":"396","author":"GBD","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bibr12-14034948231187512","unstructured":"Norwegian Health Network (Norsk Helsenett, website in Norwegian), https:\/\/www.nhn.no\/tjenester\/dodsfall-og-dodsarsak, (accessed 1 August 2022)."},{"key":"bibr13-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00299-7"},{"key":"bibr14-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00052751"},{"key":"bibr15-14034948231187512","first-page":"19","volume":"20","author":"Filippatos G","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hippokratia"},{"key":"bibr16-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0b013e318219877e"},{"key":"bibr17-14034948231187512","volume":"27","author":"Peach HG","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"key":"bibr18-14034948231187512","volume":"29","author":"James DS","year":"1995","journal-title":"J R Coll Physicians Lond"},{"key":"bibr19-14034948231187512","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd10.120288"},{"key":"bibr20-14034948231187512","volume":"130","author":"Alfsen GC","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Legeforen"},{"key":"bibr21-14034948231187512","unstructured":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. 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