{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:40:06Z","timestamp":1777938006468,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714003200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies show that dental health is associated with educational and labour market outcomes, but it is unclear whether dental care records in childhood can serve as early markers of financial hardship risk in adulthood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data on sociodemographic variables and dental records of all children born in Finland and who lived their childhood in the city of Espoo were obtained from national registers (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =1867). Debt defaults at the age of 23 years were used as a measure of adulthood financial hardship. Caries recorded in dental check-ups and unnotified absence from dental appointments in childhood were derived from electronic health systems. Logistic regression models were fitted to investigate the extent to which these variables were associated with financial hardship in adulthood before and after adjusting for parental social assistance use.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The odds of adulthood debt defaults were higher for people with caries before the age of 13 years (odds ratio 1.37, compared with people without) and for people with significant caries multiple times (odds ratio 2.07). Unnotified absences from dental checks were strongly associated with debt defaults. These associations were substantially reduced after adjusting the models for parental social assistance use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association between childhood dental care records and adulthood financial hardship mainly reflects the fact that parental socioeconomic status links to dental records. Nevertheless, data from dental care could be used in targeting appropriate measures to prevent financial hardship later in life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948241245541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T23:49:57Z","timestamp":1714088997000},"page":"376-382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Are dental care records in childhood associated with financial hardship in adulthood?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3104-1035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aapo","family":"Hiilamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Itla Children\u2019s Foundation, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Keski-S\u00e4ntti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matias","family":"Mannevaara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tietoevry Oyj, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jouko","family":"Kallio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City of Espoo, Espoo, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulla","family":"Harjunmaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karoliina","family":"Koskenvuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Hiilamo A Keski-S\u00e4ntti M K\u00e4\u00e4ri\u00e4l\u00e4 A et al. Nuorten aikuisten maksuh\u00e4iri\u00f6merkinn\u00e4t: rekisteritutkimus ik\u00e4kohorteilla 1987 ja 1997. Itsen\u00e4isyyden juhlavuoden lastens\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6 sr.; 2021 [cited 20 Jan 2022]. https:\/\/www.julkari.fi\/handle\/10024\/143055 (accessed 26 March 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vauhkonen T Kallio J Kauppinen TM et al. Intergenerational accumulation of social disadvantages across generations in young adulthood. Res Soc Strat Mobil 2017 [cited 9 January 2023];48:42\u201352. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0276562416300634 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rssm.2017.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seirawan H Faust S Mulligan R. The Impact of Oral Health on the Academic Performance of Disadvantaged Children. Am J Public Health 2012 [cited 26 September 2022];102:1729\u20131734. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3482021\/ (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300478"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guarnizo-Herre\u00f1o CC Lyu W Wehby GL. Children\u2019s oral health and academic performance: evidence of a persisting relationship over the last decade in the United States. J Pediatr 2019 [cited 26 September 2022];209:183\u2013189.e2. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0022347619301350 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.01.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krisdapong S Prasertsom P Rattanarangsima K et al. School absence due to toothache associated with sociodemographic factors dental caries status and oral health-related quality of life in 12- and 15-year-old Thai children. J Pub Health Dentistry 2013 [cited 26 September 2022];73:321\u2013328. https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/jphd.12030 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1111\/jphd.12030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruff RR Senthi S Susser SR et al. Oral health academic performance and school absenteeism in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc 2019 [cited 26 September 2022];150:111\u2013121.e4. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0002817718306871 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2018.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glied S Neidell M. The economic value of teeth. J Human Res 2010 [cited 26 September 2022];45:468\u2013496. http:\/\/jhr.uwpress.org\/content\/45\/2\/468 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1353\/jhr.2010.0022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halasa-Rappel YA Tschampl CA Foley M et al. Broken smiles: the impact of untreated dental caries and missing anterior teeth on employment. J Pub Health Dentistry 2019 [cited 26 September 2022];79:231\u2013237. https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/jphd.12317 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1111\/jphd.12317"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","unstructured":"Gallego F Larroulet C Repetto A. What\u2019s behind her smile? Looks self-esteem and labor market outcomes. Documentos de Trabajo LACEA. The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (LACEA). 2018 [cited 26 September 2022]. Report no.: 016949. https:\/\/ideas.repec.org\/p\/col\/000518\/016949.html (accessed 26 March 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singhal S Correa R Qui\u00f1onez C. The impact of dental treatment on employment outcomes: a systematic review. Health Policy 2013 [cited 26 September 2022];109:88\u201396. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0168851012002801 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2012.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singhal S Mamdani M Mitchell A et al. Dental treatment and employment outcomes among social assistance recipients in Ontario Canada. Health Policy 2016 [cited 26 September 2022];120:1202\u20131208. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0168851016302160 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2016.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sigsgaard AM Bolvig I Jensen KD et al. Oral health pro-motion and labour market prospects of socially disadvan-taged and unemployed people \u2013 a randomised controlled trial. Scand J Public Health 2022 [cited 26 September 2022];14034948221092577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14034948221092577 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948221092577"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moeller J Singhal S Al-Dajani M et al. Assessing the relationship between dental appearance and the potential for discrimination in Ontario Canada. SSM \u2013 Popul Health 2015 [cited 26 September 2022];1:26\u201331. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2352827315000063 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2015.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","unstructured":"Matsuyama Y J\u00fcrges H Dewey M et al. Causal effect of tooth loss on depression: evidence from a population-wide natural experiment in the USA. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2021 [cited 26 September 2022];30:e38. https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/epidemiology-and-psychiatric-sciences\/article\/causal-effect-of-tooth-loss-on-depression-evidence-from-a-populationwide-natural-experiment-in-the-usa\/F1A5E8C5DD64EB51E3AB408A9B6B2755 (accessed 26 March 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"113","article-title":"Finnish health and social welfare registers in epidemiological research","volume":"14","author":"Gissler M","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gissler M, Haukka J. Finnish health and social welfare registers in epidemiological research. Norsk Epidemiologi 2004;14:113\u2013120.","journal-title":"Norsk Epidemiologi"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raijas A Lehtinen AR Leskinen J. Over-indebtedness in the Finnish consumer society. J Consum Policy 2010 [cited 30 September 2022];33:209\u2013223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10603-010-9131-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s10603-010-9131-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kramer ACA Petzold M Hakeberg M et al. Multiple socioeconomic factors and dental caries in Swedish children and adolescents. CRE 2018 [cited 28 December 2022];52:42\u201350. https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/FullText\/481411 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1159\/000481411"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greenland S. Dose-response and trend analysis in epidemiology: alternatives to categorical analysis. Epidemiology 1995 [cited 28 December 2022];6:356\u2013365. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/3702080 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199507000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keene EJ Skelton R Day PF et al. The dental health of children subject to a child protection plan. Int J Paediatr Dentistry 2015 [cited 28 December 2022];25:428\u2013435. https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/ipd.12149 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12149"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradbury-Jones C Isham L Morris AJ et al. The \u201cneglected\u201d relationship between child maltreatment and oral health? An international scoping review of research. Trauma Viol Abuse 2021 [cited 28 December 2022];22:265\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1524838019841598 (accessed 26 March 2024).","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838019841598"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14034948241245541","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/14034948241245541","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14034948241245541","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:19:02Z","timestamp":1777695542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/14034948241245541"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/14034948241245541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14034948241245541","relation":{},"ISSN":["1403-4948","1651-1905"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1403-4948","type":"print"},{"value":"1651-1905","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]}}}