{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T15:03:13Z","timestamp":1793199793423,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006661","name":"united nations population fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006641","name":"unicef","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006641","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Swiss Development and Cooperation (SDC) Agency"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our objective was to assess the prevalence and socio-demographic distribution of a wide range of mental health indices among Albanian children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Albania in 2022, including a nationwide representative sample of 5454 schoolchildren aged 11, 13 and 15 years (~52% girls; response rate 96%). Data on 10 mental health indices were gathered, along with socio-demographic factors of schoolchildren. General linear model and binary logistic regression were employed for assessing the associations of mental health indices with socio-demographic factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, the prevalence of poorer mental health indices was 5.2% for not good health, 61% for feeling low, 59% for irritability, 56% for nervousness, 33% for sleep difficulties, 31% for loneliness, 16% for low mood, 36% for low self-efficacy, 15% for anxiety and 35% for negative COVID-19 impact on mental health. Girls, older schoolchildren and those whose fathers were unemployed exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of poorer mental health for most of the indices. Children from rural areas and those from less affluent families had a higher prevalence of poorer self-rated health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Our study sheds light on the concerning prevalence of various mental health indices among Albanian children. The main findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address these challenges, particularly among vulnerable groups such as girls, older children and those from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. Urgent action is necessary to support the mental well-being of all children, especially those who are at the highest risk.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948251326827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:39:31Z","timestamp":1742603971000},"page":"164-172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of mental health indices among schoolchildren in Albania"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Alketa","family":"Qosja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Albania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudina","family":"\u00c7umashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health, Albania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4813-4000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genc","family":"Burazeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Albania"},{"name":"Department of International Health, CAPHRI (Care and Public Health Research Institute), Maastricht University, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Bukli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Nutrition Specialist, United Nations Children\u2019s Fund (UNICEF), Albania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gentiana","family":"Qirjako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Albania"},{"name":"Institute of Public Health, Albania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World mental health report: transforming mental health for all. Geneva: World Health Organization 2022. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/356119 (accessed 15 May 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD results tool http:\/\/ghdx.healthdata.org\/gbd-results-tool?params=gbd-api-2019-permalink\/cb9c37d9454c80df77adaed394d7fc0f (2019 accessed 15 May 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/9789210010580"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD results tool https:\/\/vizhub.healthdata.org\/gbd-results\/?params=gbd-api-2019-permalink\/d1089abd9ea6072c2e5203256b0c7960 (2019 accessed 15 May 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","volume-title":"A focus on adolescent mental health and wellbeing in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children international report from the 2021\/2022 survey","author":"Cosma A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cosma A, Abdrakhmanova S, Taut D, et al. A focus on adolescent mental health and wellbeing in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children international report from the 2021\/2022 survey. Vol. 1. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2023. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","volume-title":"A focus on adolescent peer violence and bullying in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children international report from the 2021\/2022 survey","author":"Cosma A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cosma A, Molcho M, Pickett W. A focus on adolescent peer violence and bullying in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children international report from the 2021\/2022 survey. Vol. 2. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2024. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2007.066001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","volume-title":"Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study protocol: background, methodology, mandatory questions and optional packages for the 2021\/22 survey","author":"Inchley J","unstructured":"Inchley J, Currie D, Piper A, et al. (eds) Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study protocol: background, methodology, mandatory questions and optional packages for the 2021\/22 survey. MRC\/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, The University of Glasgow, 2021\/22."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.607493"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-023-01800-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-017-0997-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-022-02128-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(23)00193-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO European framework for action on mental health 2021\u20132025. 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