{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T10:10:11Z","timestamp":1783937411502,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mental health problems of young adults are of increasing public health concern in the Nordic countries. The utilization of mental health services has been rising together with growing rates of sickness allowance due to mental health disorders. The aim of this study is to compare Finnish- and Swedish-speaking young adults in Finland and to examine their trends in sickness allowance receipt due to mental health problems in 2004\u20132018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used register-based data and analysed people aged 20\u201334 years, distinguishing whether each person and the parents had Finnish or Swedish as their registered mother tongue. Cox regressions were used, in which the study outcome was first time receipt of sickness allowance due to mental disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The hazard of sickness allowance receipt due to mental disorders increased for both Finnish and Swedish speakers during the study period. Swedish speakers started at a lower level, or about 0.8 that of Finnish speakers, but approached the level of Finnish speakers over the study period. Persons with bilingual background were largely found in between those with unilingual Finnish and unilingual Swedish background.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Before the coronavirus pandemic, the use of sickness allowance due to mental health problems increased and became more similar for Finnish- and Swedish-speaking young adults.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948251360679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T07:08:14Z","timestamp":1754550494000},"page":"615-623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sickness absence due to mental disorders among young adults: A register-based comparison of Finnish and Swedish speakers in Finland"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1039-8289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaarina","family":"Reini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Demography Unit, Faculty of Education and Welfare Studies, \u00c5bo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaija","family":"Appelqvist-Schmidlechner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"THL Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Services, Prevention and Promotion, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8254-7525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mika","family":"Gissler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"THL Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Data and Analytics, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"University of Turku, Research Centre for Child Psychiatry and Invest Research Flagship, Finland"},{"name":"Region Stockholm, Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Saarela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Demography Unit, Faculty of Education and Welfare Studies, \u00c5bo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"KELA. Statistical Database Kelasto. Sickness allowance new payments https:\/\/raportit.kela.fi\/ibi_apps\/WFServlet?IBIF_ex=NIT122ALYKIELI=E (accessed 22 January 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"F\u00f6rs\u00e4kringskassan. Statistik inom sjukomr\u00e5det: Startade sjukfall efter diagnos. [Statistics in the field of illness: Initiated illness cases after diagnosis.] In Swedish https:\/\/www.forsakringskassan.se\/statistik-och-analys\/statistikdatabas#!\/sjuk\/sjp-startade-detaljerad-diagnos (accessed 22 January 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796017000099"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494821993705"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"KELA. 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Suomen- ja ruotsinkieliset sairausp\u00e4iv\u00e4rahan saajat sairausryhmitt\u00e4in \u2013 Kehityssuuntien tarkastelu 2005\u20132018. [Finnish and Swedish speaking sickness allowance receivers according to diagnostic group \u2013 trends in 2005\u20132018]. In Finnish. L\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rilehti 2022;77:e323.","journal-title":"L\u00e4\u00e4k\u00e4rilehti"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-042234"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckp007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10680-019-09530-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) https:\/\/www.who.int\/standards\/classifications\/classification-of-diseases (accessed 5 April 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","unstructured":"Statistics Finland. Taika catalogue on research data modules https:\/\/taika.stat.fi\/en\/ (accessed 4 April 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","unstructured":"KELA. Description of data: Paid sickness allowance periods https:\/\/aineistokatalogi.fi\/catalog\/studies\/8000fcf8-a03b-49c4-97e2-98304f483fbd\/datasets\/ae8e0832-e8cb-48f9-9c72-46ddc779fe11 (in Finnish) (accessed 4 April 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antai D Oke A Braithwaite P et al. A \u2018balanced\u2019 life: Work\u2013life balance and sickness absence in four Nordic countries. 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H\u00e4lsolitteracitet och dess samband med motions- och idrottsvanor och subjektiv h\u00e4lsa bland finlandssvenska studerande p\u00e5 andra stadiet. [Health literacy and its associations with physical activity, sports club participation, and subjective health among Swedish-speaking Finns in upper secondary schools and vocational schools.] In Swedish. Sos Laaketiet Aikak 2023;60:406-22.","journal-title":"Sos Laaketiet Aikak"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2021.101338"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","article-title":"Psykisk oh\u00e4lsa i dagens arbetsliv","volume":"6","author":"F\u00f6rs\u00e4kringskassan","year":"2023","unstructured":"F\u00f6rs\u00e4kringskassan. Psykisk oh\u00e4lsa i dagens arbetsliv. [Mental illness in today\u2019s working life.] In Swedish. 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