{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T18:30:45Z","timestamp":1788201045490,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032850","name":"eu4health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101128023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101128023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) differ in health care needs. Precise prevalence estimates by type are important for health care planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This validation study used Norwegian health registry data to develop a T1D\/T2D classification method, using the Norwegian Diabetes Register for Adults (NDR-A) as reference standard. Our study population consisted of all individuals 18 years and older residing in Norway in 2022 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094,315,563). We used Cohen\u2019s kappa to assess agreement between the classification method and the NDR-A.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The established classification method had three key steps: (a) T1D, based on insulin use and specialist health care T1D diagnoses, (b) T2D, based on specialist and primary health care T2D, and (c) T1D, based on primary health care T1D and insulin use, and no T2D. The overall agreement with NDR-A diagnosis was 95.2% for T1D and 97.6% for T2D. For T1D, agreement was 97% or higher in age-groups 18\u201339 and 40\u201359, 87.6% for those aged 60\u201379 and 69.4% for individuals older than 80. For T2D, the agreement was 97% or higher for age-groups 40 and above, and 92.1% for those aged 18\u201339. Applying the classification method to total population data showed that, in 2022, among 4,315,563 individuals aged 18 and older living in Norway, 31,264 had T1D (0.72%) and 239,120 had T2D (5.5%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Our registry-based classification agreed well with the NDR-A, implying that administrative health registry data are suitable in epidemiological and health services studies of T1D and T2D.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948261460921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T03:40:22Z","timestamp":1788061222000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Classification of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes based on administrative registry data: a nationwide study from Norway"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Paz Lopez-Doriga","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Health, Oslo New University College, Oslo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars C.","family":"Stene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karianne Fjeld","family":"L\u00f8vaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grethe \u00c5str\u00f8m","family":"Ueland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tone Vonheim","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00e5re I","family":"Birkeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanne L\u00f8vdal","family":"Gulseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health and Prevention, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Wiik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Data Distribution, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kjersti","family":"N\u00f8kleby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4176-8257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inger Johanne","family":"Bakken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpmed.2018.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"100231","article-title":"Identifying optimal survey-based algorithms to distinguish diabetes type among adults with diabetes","volume":"21","author":"Nooney JG","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nooney JG, Kirkman MS, Bullard KMK, et al. 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Nasjonal faglig retningslinje for diabetes [National professional guideline for diabetes] https:\/\/helsedirektoratet.no\/Retningslinjer\/Diabetes.pdf. (2017 accessed 18 August 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"139","article-title":"General practitioners\u2019 use of ICPC diagnoses and their correspondence with patient record notes","volume":"2019","author":"Sporaland GL","unstructured":"Sporaland GL, Mouland G, Bratland, et al. General practitioners\u2019 use of ICPC diagnoses and their correspondence with patient record notes. 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