{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:41:22Z","timestamp":1777938082371,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,1]],"date-time":"1998-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":907200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although Hong Kong's infant mortality is among the lowest in the world, there may still be subgroups in the population with unusually high and possibly avoidable mortality rates. We conducted an ecological study on the relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and infant mortality in Hong Kong by using government data from three periods: 1979\u201483, 1984\u201488 and 1989\u201493. The study population comprised all infant births in 65 modified districts in Hong Kong in the period 1979\u201493. Infant, neonatal and post-neonatal mortality rates (IMRs, NMRs and PNMRs) were used as the health indicators. An F score was derived from highly correlated socioeconomic variables by factor analysis and used as a summary index of socioeconomic status. In 1979\u201483, socioeconomic deprivation was found to be significantly associated with high IMRs and high NMRs in both sexes, while in 1984\u201488 this association was observed only in baby girls. None of the observed associations were significant in 1989\u201493. Overall, the territory's infant mortality rates fell from 10.2 per thousand live births in 1979\u201483 to 5.6 per thousand live births in 1989\u201493. Individual-based studies are needed to ascertain whether this apparent disappearance of the socioeconomic relationship with infant and neonatal mortality is real.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948980260040901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T14:02:15Z","timestamp":1207058535000},"page":"281-288","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Socioeconomic correlates of infant mortality in Hong Kong, 1979\u201493"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Tze-Wai","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siu-Lan","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tak-Sun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph L. Y.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Owen L.","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.85.7.903"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3506(95)80200-2"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(86)90154-1"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(86)90268-6"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)92410-X"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"The state of health atlas","author":"Mackay J.","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"The World in 1996","author":"The Economist Publications.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.46.2.148"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"3","volume":"46","author":"Lloyd OL","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Hong Kong Med Assoc"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ASAIHL Seminar on the Role of the ASAIHL in Combating Health Hazards of Environmental Pollution","author":"Peters J."},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(91)90025-A"},{"key":"atypb12","first-page":"135","volume":"103","author":"Stockwell EG","year":"1988","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/17.2.392"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00127.x"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.91.2.464","volume":"91","author":"Howell EM","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.47.4.260"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1993.tb00599.x"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"Annual Departmental Reports: 1964\/65 to 1993\/94","author":"Director of Medical and Health Services."},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases 1975 Revision: Manual of the International Classification of Diseases, Injury, and Cause of Death","author":"World Health Organization.","year":"1977"},{"key":"atypb20","unstructured":"Lloyd OL, Wong TW, Wong SL, Yu Tsi. Atlas of disease mortalities in Hong Kong for the three fiveyear periods in 1979\u201493. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press, 1996."},{"key":"atypb21","volume-title":"Hong Kong 1981 Census: Tertiary Planning Unit Tabulations","author":"Census and Statistics Department.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"Hong Kong 1986 By-Census: Tertiary Planning Unit Summary Tables","author":"Census and Statistics Department.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb23","volume-title":"Hong Kong 1991 By-Census: Tertiary Planning Unit Summary Tables","author":"Census and Statistics Department.","year":"1992"},{"key":"atypb24","unstructured":"Kleinbaum DG , Kupper LL Applied regression analysis and other multivariate methods. 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