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This work deals with the use of runway approach procedures based on Dubins trajectories, as well as their 4D tracking by aircraft. A method is proposed to define a fictitious aircraft that will describe Dubins trajectories generating a 4D reference, and two tracking mechanisms (basic and improved) following this reference, which can be used by real (flyable) aircraft. These mechanisms have been evaluated in the M\u00e1laga airport (Spain), which has a high traffic density during the seasonal period. Simulation results verify their correct operation and high tracking accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14485869251364027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T12:53:13Z","timestamp":1756471993000},"page":"205-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Flyable Tracking of Non-flyable Miss Approach Dubins Trajectories"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5504-2418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wafae","family":"Azoulay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hassan First University of Settat, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques,\u00a0Computer, Networks, Mobility and Modeling Laboratory: IR2M, 26000- Settat, Morocco"},{"name":"Albacete Research Institute of Informatics, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5170-5743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Casado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albacete Research Institute of Informatics, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8857-6586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelkrim","family":"Haqiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hassan First University of Settat, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques,\u00a0Computer, Networks, Mobility and Modeling Laboratory: IR2M, 26000- Settat, Morocco"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3313-4078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurelio","family":"Berm\u00fadez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albacete Research Institute of Informatics, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1510-1608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Orozco-Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albacete Research Institute of Informatics, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"Bureau A. 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