{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T18:50:47Z","timestamp":1784659847991,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586736000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["240197\/H10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["240197\/H10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>WHO guidelines emphasise the need for descriptions of clinical practice and observational studies on risk and benefits of pharmacotherapies in pregnancy. The aims of the present study were to: (1) Describe opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) in the Scandinavian countries in general, and specifically for pregnant women, (2) Describe a project which utilises a new approach using registry-linkage data to examine associations between prenatal exposure to OMT and child outcomes: a Scandinavian cohort study of pregnant women in OMT during pregnancy (ScopeOMT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Guidelines describing the treatment of persons with opioid use disorders in general, and specifically for pregnant women. Scandinavian registry-linkage data from ScopeOMT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Registry data show that approximately 800 pregnant women received OMT during pregnancy in the period of the ScopeOMT study. Similarities across the Scandinavian countries include access to free healthcare and treatment; multidisciplinary teams trained to support pregnant women in OMT; buprenorphine as the recommended drug when initiating therapy; and a holistic focus on the patients\u2019 lives. An important difference is that Norwegian women who use illegal substances that may harm the foetus may be admitted \u2013 voluntarily, or against their will \u2013 for parts of, or the remainder of the pregnancy to inpatient treatment at specialised clinics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Many similarities in the treatment provided to opioid-dependent persons in the Scandinavian countries place this area in an excellent position to combine the efforts and carry out observational studies concerning the safety of OMT during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1455072520914114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T08:03:53Z","timestamp":1586765033000},"page":"298-312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Opioid maintenance treatment of pregnant women in the Scandinavian countries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1773-0184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marte","family":"Handal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana","family":"Skurtveit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milada","family":"Mahic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inger","family":"\u00d8hman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitta Norstedt","family":"Wikner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Tjagvad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helle","family":"Kieler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erja","family":"Halmesm\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingunn Olea","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1455072520914114","unstructured":"Bakstad B., Welle-Strand G. (2011). Nasjonal retningslinje for gravide i legemiddelassistert rehabilitering (LAR) og oppf\u00f8lging av familiene frem til barnet n\u00e5r skolealder\n                      [\n                      National guidelines for pregnant women in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) and follow-up of their families until the children reach school age]. Oslo, Norway: Norwegian Directorate of Health. Retrieved from https:\/\/helsedirektoratet.no\/retningslinjer\/nasjonal-retningslinje-for-gravide-i-legemiddelassistert-rehabilitering-lar-og-oppfolging-av-familiene-frem-til-barnet-nar-skolealder"},{"key":"bibr2-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-018-0356-1"},{"key":"bibr3-1455072520914114","unstructured":"B\u00f8rne- og Socialministeriet. (2017). Bekendtg\u00f8relse af lov om tilbageholdelse af stofmisbrugere i behandling\n                      [\n                      Executive order on drug abuse detention in treatment]. https:\/\/www.retsinformation.dk\/Forms\/R0710.aspx?id=187171"},{"key":"bibr4-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.12.001"},{"key":"bibr5-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu190"},{"key":"bibr38-1455072520914114","unstructured":"Dansk Selskab for Obstetrik og Gyn\u00e6kologi. (2015). H\u00e5ndtering af gravide med risikoforbrug af potentielt vanedannende medicin, alkohol eller andre rusmidler [Managing pregnant women with risk consumption of potentially addictive drugs, alcohol or other intoxicants]. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.dsog.dk\/s\/Familieambulatorieguideline-250315-fg0h.pdf (accessed 20 March 2020)."},{"key":"bibr9-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1966.00290160004002"},{"key":"bibr11-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2013.797838"},{"key":"bibr12-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21101\/cejph.a4474"},{"issue":"9","key":"bibr13-1455072520914114","first-page":"33","volume":"14","author":"Gyarmathy V.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Euro Surveillance"},{"key":"bibr14-1455072520914114","volume-title":"Nasjonal rettningslinje for legemiddelassistert reahbilitering ved opioid avhengighet [National guideline for drug-assisted rehabilitation in opioid dependence","author":"Helsedirektoratet","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr15-1455072520914114","unstructured":"Helsedirektoratet. (2019). Nasjonal retningslinje for gravide i legemiddelassistert rehabilitering (LAR) og oppf\u00f8lging av familiene frem til barnet n\u00e5r skolealder [National guidelines for pregnant women in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) and follow-up of their families until the children reach school age]. 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Retrieved from https:\/\/www.helsedirektoratet.no\/retningslinjer\/gravide-i-lar\/dokumenter-lar-gravide\/Konsensuspanelets%20uttalelse%20om%20legemiddelassistert%20rehabilitering%20under%20svangerskapet.pdf\/_\/attachment\/inline\/8fafef76-be29-4e5c-a9b8-2c2517c9a35c:7af2f91552c8e91eca5376029d0991d39b34cbb6\/Konsensuspanelets%20uttalelse%20om%20legemiddelassistert%20rehabilitering%20under%20svangerskapet.pdf"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr21-1455072520914114","volume-title":"L\u00e4kemedel vid opiatberoende","volume":"21","author":"L\u00e4kemedelsverket","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr22-1455072520914114","unstructured":"Lovdata. (2011). Lov om kommunale helse- og omsorgstjenester m.m. (helse- og omsorgstjenesteloven), \u00a7 10-3. Tilbakeholdelse av gravide rusmiddelavhengige [Act on municipal health and care services, etc. (Health and Care Services Act), \u00a7 10-3. Detention of pregnant drug addicts]. Helse- og omsorgsdepartementet. Retrieved from https:\/\/lovdata.no\/dokument\/NL\/lov\/2011-06-24-30\/KAPITTEL_10#\u00a710-7"},{"key":"bibr23-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-009-9350-y"},{"key":"bibr24-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494817702336"},{"key":"bibr25-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.300.1.26"},{"key":"bibr26-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2004.09.008"},{"key":"bibr27-1455072520914114","unstructured":"Rigshospitalet. (n.d.). Observation og behandling af nyf\u00f8dte pr\u00e6natalt eksponeret for rusmidler og afh\u00e6ngighedsskabende medikamenter (Guidelines) [Observation and treatment of new-borns prenatally exposured to substance abuse and addictive drugs (Guidelines)]. https:\/\/docplayer.dk\/9540344-Observation-og-behandling-af-nyfoedte-praenatalt-eksponerede-for-rusmidler-og-eller-afhaengighedsskabende-medikamenter.html"},{"key":"bibr28-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.02999.x"},{"key":"bibr29-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-014-9930-3"},{"key":"bibr30-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2005.01091.x"},{"key":"bibr31-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/145507251002700604"},{"key":"bibr32-1455072520914114","volume-title":"Behandlingsgarantien: \u00a7 85 i serviceloven [The treatment guarantee: \u00a7 85 of the Service Act]","author":"Socialministeriet","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr33-1455072520914114","unstructured":"Socialstyrelsen. (2012). Kartl\u00e4ggning av l\u00e4kemedelsassisterad behandling vid opiatberoende [Survey of drug-assisted treatment in opiate addiction]. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.socialstyrelsen.se\/Lists\/Artikelkatalog\/Attachments\/18875\/2012-11-5.pdf"},{"key":"bibr34-1455072520914114","volume-title":"L\u00e4kemedelsassisterad behandling vid opioidberoende. Kunskapsst\u00f6d \u2013 i h\u00e4lso- och sjukv\u00e5rd och socialtj\u00e4nst. Remissversion [Drug-assisted treatment in opioid dependence. Knowledge support \u2013 in healthcare and social services. Draft for comment]","author":"Socialstyrelsen","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr35-1455072520914114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S45585"},{"key":"bibr36-1455072520914114","unstructured":"Sundheds- og \u00c6ldreministeriet. (2014). Lov om \u00e6ndring af sundhedsloven og lov om autorisation af sundhedspersoner og om sundhedsfaglig virksomhed [The Act on amendments to the Health Act and the Act on the Authorization of Health Persons and on Healthcare Services]. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.retsinformation.dk\/Forms\/R0710.aspx?id=167271"},{"key":"bibr6-1455072520914114","volume-title":"Vejledning om den l\u00e6gelige behandling af stofmisbrug i substitutionsbehandling [Guidance on medical treatment of drug abusers in substitution treatment for opioid dependence]","author":"Sundhedsstyrelsen","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr7-1455072520914114","unstructured":"Sundhedsstyrelsen. (2010). Omsorg for gravide og sm\u00e5b\u00f8rnsfamilier med rusmiddelproblemer\n                      [\n                      Caring for pregnant and toddler families with substance abuse problems]. https:\/\/www.sst.dk\/-\/media\/Viden\/Graviditet-og-f%C3%B8dsel\/Svangreomsorgen\/Familieambulatorier\/Omsorg_for_gravide2010.ashx?la=da&hash=14230525133CF715DAA42BDFD5452E028E16E533 (accessed 20 March 2020)."},{"key":"bibr37-1455072520914114","volume-title":"Evaluering af ordning med l\u00e6geordineret heroin til stofmisbrugere 2010\u20132012 [Evaluation of drug-prescribed heroin scheme for drug addicts 2010\u20132012]","author":"Sundhedsstyrelsen","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr8-1455072520914114","volume-title":"Vejledning til l\u00e6ger, der behandler opioidafh\u00e6ngige patienter med substitutionsmedicin [Guidance for physicians treating opioid-dependent patients with substitution medication]","author":"Sundhedsstyrelsen","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr10-1455072520914114","volume-title":"A review of the legislation, regulation and delivery of methadone in 12 Member States of the European Union","author":"The European Commission","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr39-1455072520914114","unstructured":"The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). (2014). Drug treatment overview for Denmark. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.emcdda.europa.eu\/node\/2580_ro#treatmentResponses (accessed: 20 March 2020)."},{"key":"bibr40-1455072520914114","unstructured":"The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). (2016). European Drug Report. Trends and Developments 2016. 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