{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T08:06:42Z","timestamp":1784102802659,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006442","name":"Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet, K\u00f8benhavns Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006442","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exposures of gallstones and treatments thereof in relation to development of cancer have not been explored before in long-term follow-up studies. Our objective was to determine whether symptomatic gallstones, cholecystectomy, or sphincterotomy were associated with development of upper gastrointestinal cancers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a nationwide cohort study of persons born in Denmark 1930\u20131984 included from age 30 years with long-term follow-up (1977\u20132014). Exposures were hospital admissions with gallstones, cholecystectomy, and sphincterotomy. Time-varying covariates were included in analyses to allow the impact of exposures to change with time. Follow-up periods were 2\u20135 and &gt; 5 years. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 4,465,962 persons were followed. We found positive associations between sphincterotomy and biliary (&gt;5 years HR 4.34, CI [2.17\u20138.70]), gallbladder (2\u20135 years HR 20.7, CI [8.55\u201350.1]), and pancreatic cancer (2\u20135 years HR 3.68, CI [2.09\u20136.49]). Cholecystectomy was positively associated with duodenal (2\u20135 years HR 2.94, CI [1.31\u20136.58]) and small bowel cancer (2\u20135 years HR 2.75, CI [1.56\u20134.87]). Inverse associations were seen for cholecystectomy and biliary (&gt;5 years HR 0.60, CI [0.41\u20130.87]), pancreatic (&gt;5 years HR 0.45 CI [0.35\u20130.57]), esophageal (&gt;5 years HR 0.57, CI [0.43\u20130.74]), and gastric cancer (&gt;5 years HR 0.68, CI [0.55\u20130.86]) and for gallstones and pancreatic cancer (&gt;5 years HR 0.66, CI [0.47\u20130.93]). Gallstones were positively associated with gallbladder (&gt;5 years HR 3.51, CI [2.02\u20136.10]) and small bowel cancer (2\u20135 years HR 3.21, CI [1.60\u20136.45]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A positive association between sphincterotomy and biliary cancer was identified. Cholecystectomy seems to be inversely associated with biliary, pancreatic, esophageal, and gastric cancer. Associations should be explored in similar large cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14574969221116941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T08:18:37Z","timestamp":1661329117000},"page":"39-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Development of upper gastrointestinal cancer in patients with symptomatic gallstones, cholecystectomy, and sphincterotomy: A nationwide cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9415-3443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Shabanzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torben","family":"Martinussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars T.","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 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