{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T10:33:52Z","timestamp":1790332432906,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An association between body mass index (BMI) and pancreatic cancer is suggested in observational studies. However, further studies are required to substantiate available evidence. The aim of this study was to explore the association between BMI and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk, treatment, and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A registry-based cohort study was performed by combining data from four registries in Norway. Baseline data were collected between 1963 and 1975 with follow-up data collected until 2018. Kaplan\u2013Meier curves and multivariable Cox regressions were estimated. Chi-square tests were used to analyze differences between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study cohort consisted of 1,723,692 individuals. A total of 8973 PDAC cases were identified during 55,744,749 person-years of follow-up. A 5 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      increase in BMI was associated with an increased risk of PDAC if high BMI at young age (16\u201329 years) (hazard ratio (HR): 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13\u20131.31), both for men (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.15\u20131.46) and women (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.28). In men, there was a 52% increase in risk of early-onset PDAC (&lt;age 50) (HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.13-2.03) with 5 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      increase in BMI. A total of 2645 individuals were diagnosed with stage 1\u20133 disease, of whom 1131 underwent curative surgery. In all, 49% of normal weight, 38% overweight, and 30% obese individuals with stage 1\u20133 PDAC underwent surgery with curative intent (p &lt; 0.001). Cancer survival was lower in overweight and obese individuals for both sexes. Analysis adjusted for sex, age, and period of diagnosis confirmed increased risk of cancer death in obese individuals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that increased BMI in young adults may increase the risk of PDAC, and higher BMI in men is associated with an increased risk of early onset PDAC (&lt;age 50). Overweight and obese individuals were less likely to undergo curative surgery and obese individuals had a higher risk of cancer-related death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14574969221127530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T07:37:57Z","timestamp":1664437077000},"page":"11-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Body mass index and pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A nationwide registry-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"112","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3418-9748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Usman","family":"Saeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery ,Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950 Nydalen N-0424 Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tor \u00c5.","family":"Myklebust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Registration, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway Department of Research and Innovation, M\u00f8re and Romsdal Hospital Trust, \u00c5lesund, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trude E.","family":"Robsahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Registration, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3389-0313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Mala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3481-8084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bj\u00f8rn S.","family":"Sk\u00e5lhegg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division for Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5696-2319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheraz","family":"Yaqub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14574969221127530","unstructured":"WHO: Obesity and overweight, https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight (2020, accessed 7 June 2022)."},{"key":"bibr2-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67483-1"},{"key":"bibr3-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/291546"},{"key":"bibr4-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1606602"},{"key":"bibr5-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60892-8"},{"key":"bibr6-14574969221127530","volume":"356","author":"Kyrgiou M","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"bibr7-14574969221127530","unstructured":"World Cancer Research Fund: Pancreatic cancer statistics, https:\/\/www.wcrf.org\/cancer-trends\/pancreatic-cancer-statistics\/ (2021, accessed 25 May 2022)."},{"key":"bibr8-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zrac004"},{"key":"bibr9-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1457496919900411"},{"key":"bibr10-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.34273"},{"key":"bibr11-14574969221127530","unstructured":"Cancer Registry of Norway. Cancer in Norway 2021\u2014Cancer incidence, mortality, survival and prevalence in Norway. Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, 2022."},{"key":"bibr12-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.63"},{"key":"bibr13-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr398"},{"key":"bibr14-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25794"},{"key":"bibr15-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-42542-9_6"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr16-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2017-208895","volume":"71","author":"Pang Y","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"bibr17-14574969221127530","volume":"105","author":"Parkin DM","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"bibr18-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.886"},{"key":"bibr19-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31764"},{"key":"bibr20-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv355"},{"key":"bibr21-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.51.7532"},{"key":"bibr22-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25465"},{"key":"bibr23-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008"},{"key":"bibr24-14574969221127530","first-page":"157","volume":"7","author":"Bjartveit K","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nor Epidemiol"},{"key":"bibr25-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.10.037"},{"key":"bibr26-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brierly JD, Gospodarowicz MK, Wittekind C (Eds): TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ, 2017.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471420194.tnmc26.pub3"},{"key":"bibr27-14574969221127530","unstructured":"WHO: Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. WHO, Geneva, 2004."},{"key":"bibr28-14574969221127530","unstructured":"StataCorp: Stata Statistical Software: Release 16. Statacorp LLC, College Station, TX, 2019."},{"key":"bibr29-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-019-00953-3"},{"key":"bibr30-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14020283"},{"key":"bibr31-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31302"},{"key":"bibr32-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002525"},{"key":"bibr33-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.636"},{"key":"bibr34-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.339"},{"key":"bibr35-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-009-0573-7"},{"key":"bibr36-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113526"},{"key":"bibr37-14574969221127530","unstructured":"Wasskog Aamo A, Lind LH, Myklebust A, et al: Overvekt og fedme i Norge: Omfang, utvikling og samfunnskostnader. Menon Economics, Oslo, 2019."},{"key":"bibr38-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30054-X"},{"key":"bibr39-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.20778"},{"key":"bibr40-14574969221127530","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.177"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14574969221127530","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/14574969221127530","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14574969221127530","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:59:04Z","timestamp":1777697944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/14574969221127530"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/14574969221127530"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14574969221127530","relation":{},"ISSN":["1457-4969","1799-7267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1457-4969","type":"print"},{"value":"1799-7267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]]}}}