{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:57:00Z","timestamp":1777939020918,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In orthopedic surgery, the use of antibiotic-impregnated spacers is a well-established method for treating periprosthetic joint infections with excellent outcomes. However, their application in head and neck surgery remains poorly documented, despite the high susceptibility of these patients to persistent infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the 10-year outcomes of antibiotic spacers in the treatment of persistent mandibular infections unresponsive to conventional methods, prior to definitive reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed patients with persistent mandibular infections treated with antibiotic-impregnated spacers between 2014 and 2023. Patient characteristics, surgical details, infection type, and clinical outcomes were assessed. The two-stage surgical protocol was described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven patients (mean age 49\u2009years, range 20\u201377) were included. Six had undergone complex mandibular reconstructions for malignant tumors (n\u2009=\u20093), benign tumors (n\u2009=\u20091), or congenital anomalies (n\u2009=\u20092). One patient had osteomyelitis of the jaw with extensive necrosis. Following spacer placement, complete resolution of infection occurred in 3\/7 patients, a transition to non-suppurative infection in 3\/7, and suppurative infection in 1\/7. On average, infections recurred 5\u2009months postoperatively. All infections resolved by the time of spacer removal, allowing definitive reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibiotic-impregnated spacers appear to be a promising adjunct in managing persistent mandibular infections, facilitating successful permanent reconstruction in complex head and neck cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14574969251343464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T02:49:24Z","timestamp":1748659764000},"page":"342-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antibiotic spacers of the lower jaw after complex reconstructive surgery: 10-year single-center experience"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1962-1846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malla","family":"Salli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Ward S7A Meilahti Bridge Hospital Haartmaninkatu 4 P.O. Box 320 00029 Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Marttila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karri","family":"Mesim\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5135-478X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommy","family":"Wilkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2017.07.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.96B6.33086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-19-00332"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2009.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-3342-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1579-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1644-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30375-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-010-0108-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2018.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2010.05.089"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.103B1.BJJ-2020-1381.R1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1992.01880020107023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13037-015-0079-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00310"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B1.0840070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.210.2000188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"146","article-title":"Current status of replacement of the temporomandibular joint in the United Kingdom","volume":"46","author":"Speculand B.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Speculand B. Current status of replacement of the temporomandibular joint in the United Kingdom. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009;46:146.","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2006.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1546814"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14574969251343464","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/14574969251343464","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14574969251343464","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T05:00:09Z","timestamp":1777698009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/14574969251343464"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/14574969251343464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14574969251343464","relation":{},"ISSN":["1457-4969","1799-7267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1457-4969","type":"print"},{"value":"1799-7267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]}}}