{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T18:49:40Z","timestamp":1767638980309,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,1]],"date-time":"2003-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1062374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Informatics J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>This paper describes the development of a computer simulation of the care of hip                    fracture, a common and serious injury with a complex journey of care. The                    project made use of a national, evidence-based guideline on hip fracture care,                    together with data from a national hip fracture audit and from service and                    research sources. To overcome the recognized limitations of such data in the                    modelling of care, clinicians from different specialties and disciplines working                    on hip fracture care participated by means of multi-agent-based modelling techniques.<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>The model followed the journey of care (admission, surgery, rehabilitation,                    discharge or death), and, by incorporating the clinical reasoning of experienced                    practitioners, was developed to reflect the realities of day-to-day clinical                    decision-making. It was evaluated in terms of the credibility of its outputs                    with clinical participants, and by formal statistical comparisons of its outputs                    with real outcomes from comparable groups of patients in the national audit.<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>The model was used to explore the impact of guideline compliance on care and                    resource use. Further modelling might serve to explore the implications of                    different service configurations for hip fracture care; to support service                    planning for demographic change; and to assist clinical training.<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14604582030093005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,25]],"date-time":"2003-09-25T16:10:51Z","timestamp":1064506251000},"page":"183-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["HipMod: Development of a Multi-Agent Audit-Based Computer Simulation of Hip                Fracture Care"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"C. T.","family":"Currie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Medicine Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences                        University of Edinburgh,"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Hoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing and Community Health Glasgow Caledonian University,"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Tierney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Research Department of Nursing Studies University of Edinburgh"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bryan-Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A. T. Consulting Cnoc Nan Cruach Newtonmore PH20 1BT,"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Lapsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Sector Accounting Research Department of Accounting                        &amp; Business Method School of Management University of Edinburgh"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","first-page":"55","volume":"11","year":"2002","unstructured":"1 Currie C T, Bryan-Jones J. Latest models . Clinician in Management 2002; 11: 55-56 .","journal-title":"Clinician in Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"43","volume":"12","year":"1998","unstructured":"2 Kettles A, Bryan-Jones J. Computer modelling for patient observation . Nursing Standard 1998; 12 (19): 43-46 .","journal-title":"Nursing Standard"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3 Tansley J. Modelling and simulation of patients undergoing chemotherapy. In: Sermeus W Kearney N Kinnunen J Goossens L Miller M (eds) WISECARE workflow information systems for European nursing care. Amsterdam: IOS Press 2000.","DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-60750-917-2-153"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"4 Ferber J. Multi-agent systems and introduction to distributed artificial intelligence. Harlow England: Addison Wesley 1999."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"5 Scottish hip fracture audit annual report to clinical audit and group (CRAG) Scottish Office and NHS Executive. Edinburgh: SHFA 1999."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"6 Tierney A J. The rehabilitation of elderly patients after hip fracture: an examination of process and outcome in four centres. Final report to Health Services & Public Health Research Committee Chief Scientist Office Scottish Office Department of Health. Edinburgh: Tierney 1997."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"7 SIGN. Management of elderly people with fractured hip. Pilot edition. Edinburgh: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network 1997."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"8 Audit Commission. United they stand: co-ordinating care for elderly patients with hip fracture: update. London: Audit Commission for Local Authorities and the National Health Service in England and Wales 2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026921559400800304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030802269505800903"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"11 Currie C T Closs S J Mountain J A Thorngren K G. Outcome of surgery and rehabilitation after hip fracture: an interdisciplinary interboard and international audit. In: Abstracts of scientific basis of health services. London: NHS Executive 1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112070009800800106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"197","volume":"2","year":"1992","unstructured":"13 Tierney A J, Vallis J. An examination of hip fracture outcomes . Clinical Effectiveness in Nursing 1992; 2: 197-204 .","journal-title":"Clinical Effectiveness in Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"14 Lapsley I Mitchell F Currie C Kilpatrick K Moyes J. Cost information and analysis to support the clinical audit of hip fracture surgery and rehabilitation in a DGH and a teaching hospital trauma centre. Final report to Clinical Audit and Group (CRAG) Scottish Office and NHS Executive. Edinburgh: Lapsley 1998."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"15 SIGN. Prevention and management of hip fracture in older people (2002 revision). Edinburgh: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jors.2600669"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1019042518494"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(94)00148-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"19 Lowery J C. Getting started in simulation in healthcare . In: Medeiros D J Watson E F Carson J S Manivannan M S (eds) Proceedings of the 1998 Winter Simulation Conference 13-16 December. Washington DC: ACM 1998."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"20 Milner R. Communication and concurrency. New Jersey: Prentice Hall International Series in Computer Science 1989."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"21 Iglesias C A Garijo M Gonzalez J C. A survey of agent-oriented methodologies . 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Available from: http:\/\/citeseer.nj.nec.com\/529980.html (accessed 14 November 2002)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"24 CRESS - the centre for research on simulation in the social sciences University of Guildford Surrey UK 2002. Available from: URL:http:\/\/www.soc.surrey.ac.uk\/research\/simsoc (accessed 13 November 2002)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","unstructured":"25 Gilbert N. Simulation: an emergent perspective . Lecture given at the conference on New Technologies in the Social Sciences Bournemouth UK 27-9 October 1995 and at LAFORIA Paris 22 January 1996. Available from: http:\/\/www.soc.surrey.ac.uk\/research\/simsoc\/tutorial.htm (accessed 14 November 2002)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"26","volume":"58","year":"1998","unstructured":"26 Bourne A, Kettles A, Bryan-Jones J. Model system . Health Care Today 1998; 58: 26 .","journal-title":"Health Care Today"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"27 Bullas S Scott T. Developing information based management without throwing the baby out with the bathwater . In: Richards B (ed.) Current perspectives in healthcare computing 1992. Proceedings for Healthcare Computing 9 9-11 March 1992. Harrogate. Weybridge"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","first-page":"413","year":"1992","unstructured":"Surrey: British Journal of Healthcare Computing 1992: 413-418 .","journal-title":"Surrey: British Journal of Healthcare Computing"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"28 Galbraith A Bryan-Jones J. Active clinical protocols in management . In: Abstracts of scientific basis of Health Service International Conference 2-4 October 1995. London: NHS Executive 1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"29 Bryan-Jones J Bourne A. Clinical protocol simulations as the key to acute services planning . In: Healthcare futures: the managerial agenda. 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