{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T23:46:28Z","timestamp":1777851988951,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,27]],"date-time":"2009-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Informatics J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) offers the potential to improve the delivery, quality, and continuity of clinical care, but widespread use has not yet occurred. In this article, we describe our use of clinical (production) data that were derived from outpatient and inpatient visits at a university teaching hospital for clinical research, a use for which the data and their structure were not originally designed. Similar data exist at many outpatient and inpatient clinical facilities, and we believe that our insights are relevant to electronically captured medical data regardless of their origin. We describe the approaches taken to ensure compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and to leverage the vast stores of structured and unstructured data that are currently underused. We conclude by reflecting on what we would have done differently and by making recommendations to streamline the process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458209102972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,27]],"date-time":"2009-05-27T11:45:07Z","timestamp":1243424707000},"page":"108-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Reflections on the use of electronic health record data for clinical research"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Suzanne L.","family":"West","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International 3040 Cornwallis Road PO Box 12194,\rResearch Triangle Park NC 27709-2194, USA,"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Blake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Library Science University\rof North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3360, USA,"}]},{"family":"Zhiwen Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"epartment of Epidemiology School of Public Health University\rof North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435, USA"}]},{"given":"J. Nikki","family":"McKoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medicine and Public Health Vanderbilt\rUniversity Nashville, TN 37203-1738, USA"}]},{"given":"Maryann D.","family":"Oertel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Information Services Department of Pharmacy UNC\rHospitals Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7600, USA"}]},{"given":"Timothy S.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research University\rof North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7590, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196812122792407"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197012032832305"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00993282"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198406213102506"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.24.5.1103"},{"key":"atypb6","author":"Office USGA.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Health Information Technology"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"Partners for patients: electronic health record market survey","author":"American Academy of Family Physicians.","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-36278-9"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"The Computer-Based Patient Record: An Essential Technology for Health","author":"Institute of Medicine.","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"Aspects of Electronic Health Record Systems","author":"Lehmann H.P.","year":"2006","edition":"2"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dis.2007.104706"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-6-1"},{"issue":"393","key":"atypb13","first-page":"1","author":"Hing E.S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Advances in Data"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.24.5.1323"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.24.1.174"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-4-200702200-00006"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.327"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.697"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00996555"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.24.5.1205"},{"key":"atypb21","volume-title":"Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC\u00ae)","author":"Regenstrief Institute Inc.","year":"2006"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e300972003-001"},{"key":"atypb23","volume-title":"Medical privacy: national standards to protect the privacy of personal health information","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb24","volume-title":"Information extraction from medical notes","author":"Kraus S.","year":"2007"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"Validity of pharmacoepidemiology drug and diagnosis data","author":"West S.L.","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb26","unstructured":"Shih A., et al. Organizing the U.S. health care delivery system for high performance . The Commonwealth Fund, 2008. http:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/publications\/publications_show. htm?doc_id=698139, 5 September 2008."},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02813430701576482"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49285.x"},{"key":"atypb29","volume-title":"Learning from abroad: lessons and questions on personal health records for national policy","author":"Detmer D.","year":"2006"},{"key":"atypb30","volume-title":"Linking Heathcare Information: Proposed Methods for Improving Care and Protecting Privacy","author":"Working Group on Accurately Linking Information for Health Care Quality and Safety.","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb31","volume-title":"Position paper: medical privacy","author":"American Association for Health Freedom.","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["Health Informatics Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1460458209102972","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1460458209102972","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:28:44Z","timestamp":1777501724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1460458209102972"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,27]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1460458209102972"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1460458209102972","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-4582","1741-2811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-4582","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,27]]}}}