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We report the findings from two case studies aimed at assessing the multiplicity that can be observed when the same medical phenomenon is recorded by multiple competent experts, yet the recorded data enable the knowledgeable management of illness trajectories. Often framed in terms of the latent unreliability of medical data, and then treated as a problem to solve, we argue that practitioners in the health informatics field must gain a greater awareness of the natural variability of data inscribing work, assess it, and design solutions that allow actors on both sides of clinical data work, that is, the production and care, as well as the primary and secondary uses of data to aptly inform each other\u2019s practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458218824705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T10:54:40Z","timestamp":1548154480000},"page":"475-490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The elephant in the record: On the multiplicity of data recording work"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4065-3415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Cabitza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Italy; University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Locoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Alderighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Rasoini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Compagnone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Berjano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-0961"},{"key":"bibr2-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2121"},{"key":"bibr3-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2016.0811"},{"key":"bibr4-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-15-00240.1"},{"key":"bibr5-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1558\/cam.v8i1.3"},{"key":"bibr6-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.4187"},{"key":"bibr7-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22454\/FamMed.2018.184803"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr8-1460458218824705","first-page":"373","volume":"8","author":"Berg M.","year":"1999","journal-title":"CSCW"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr9-1460458218824705","first-page":"57","volume":"34","author":"Gregory J","year":"1995","journal-title":"Method Inform Med"},{"key":"bibr10-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2007.02.006"},{"key":"bibr11-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458204048507"},{"key":"bibr12-1460458218824705","first-page":"168","volume-title":"GROUP\u201905","author":"Bardram JE"},{"key":"bibr13-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0009.2009.00578.x"},{"key":"bibr14-1460458218824705","first-page":"45","volume-title":"The content analysis reader","author":"Garfinkel H.","year":"2008"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr15-1460458218824705","first-page":"503","volume":"25","author":"Bansler JP","year":"2016","journal-title":"CSCW"},{"key":"bibr16-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691214726"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr17-1460458218824705","first-page":"29","volume":"15","author":"Reddy MC","year":"2006","journal-title":"CSCW"},{"key":"bibr18-1460458218824705","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9481.00187"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr19-1460458218824705","first-page":"1051","volume":"27","author":"Cabitza F","year":"2018","journal-title":"CSCW"},{"key":"bibr20-1460458218824705","first-page":"354","volume-title":"CSCW\u201996","author":"Heath C"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr21-1460458218824705","first-page":"609","volume":"22","author":"Fitzpatrick G","year":"2013","journal-title":"CSCW"},{"key":"bibr22-1460458218824705","unstructured":"Wachter R. 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