{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T03:15:52Z","timestamp":1782443752902,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]],"date-time":"2019-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569801600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["405354\/2016-9 and 303640\/2017-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["405354\/2016-9 and 303640\/2017-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Informatics J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Blockchain could reinvent the way patient\u2019s electronic health records are shared and stored by providing safer mechanisms for health information exchange of medical data in the healthcare industry, by securing it over a decentralized peer-to-peer network. Intending to support and ease the understanding of this distributed ledger technology, a solid Systematic Literature Review was conducted, aiming to explore the recent literature on Blockchain and healthcare domain and identify existing challenges and open questions, guided by the raise of research questions regarding EHR in a Blockchain. More than 300 scientific studies published in the last ten years were surveyed, resulting in an up-to-date taxonomy creation, challenges and open questions identified, and the most significant approaches, data types, standards and architectures regarding the use of Blockchain for EHR were assessed and discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458219866350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]],"date-time":"2019-09-30T23:13:02Z","timestamp":1569885182000},"page":"1273-1288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":188,"title":["Electronic health records in a Blockchain: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Henrique","family":"Mayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3859-6199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiano Andr\u00e9","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo da Rosa","family":"Righi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bibr1-1460458219866350","first-page":"45","volume":"1","author":"Rabah K.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mara Res J Med Health Sci"},{"key":"bibr2-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-016-0574-6"},{"key":"bibr3-1460458219866350","first-page":"13","volume":"13","author":"Ekblaw A","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Open Big Data Conf"},{"key":"bibr4-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20479700.2017.1398388"},{"key":"bibr5-1460458219866350","author":"Kitchenham BA","journal-title":"Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering"},{"key":"bibr6-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.05.012"},{"key":"bibr7-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470754887"},{"key":"bibr8-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jcdp-3-3-10"},{"key":"bibr9-1460458219866350","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE first international conference on internet-of-things design and implementation (IoTDI)","author":"Hashemi SH"},{"key":"bibr10-1460458219866350","unstructured":"Nichol P, Brandt J. Co-creation of trust for healthcare: the cryptocitizen framework for interoperability with blockchain. Res Propos, 2016, https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Peter_Nichol2\/publication\/306013124_Co-Creation_of_Trust_for_Healthcare_The_Cryptocitizen_Framework_for_Interoperability_with_Blockchain\/links\/57aa227808ae7a6420bcd091.pdf"},{"key":"bibr11-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458218769699"},{"key":"bibr12-1460458219866350","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE 19th international conference on e-health networking, applications and services (Healthcom)","author":"Liu W"},{"key":"bibr13-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/mhealth.7938"},{"key":"bibr14-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.telpol.2017.09.003"},{"key":"bibr15-1460458219866350","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE 37th international conference on distributed computing systems (ICDCS)","author":"Shae Z"},{"key":"bibr16-1460458219866350","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE EUROCON 2017-17th international conference on smart technologies","author":"Karafiloski E"},{"key":"bibr17-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2730843"},{"key":"bibr18-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2414-6447(19)30055-7"},{"key":"bibr19-1460458219866350","first-page":"650","volume":"2017","author":"Dubovitskaya A","year":"2017","journal-title":"AMIA Annu Symp Proc"},{"key":"bibr20-1460458219866350","first-page":"2271","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE international conference on big data (big data)","author":"Lemieux VL"},{"key":"bibr21-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12553-017-0195-1"},{"key":"bibr22-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocx068"},{"key":"bibr23-1460458219866350","unstructured":"Linn LA, Koo MB. Blockchain for health data and its potential use in health it and health care related research. In: ONC\/NIST use of blockchain for healthcare and research workshop, Gaithersburg, MD, 2016, https:\/\/www.healthit.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/11-74-ablockchainforhealthcare.pdf"},{"key":"bibr24-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30953\/bhty.v1.13"},{"key":"bibr25-1460458219866350","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Norwegian information security conference","author":"Yang H"},{"key":"bibr26-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30953\/bhty.v1.24"},{"key":"bibr27-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2018.07.004"},{"key":"bibr28-1460458219866350","first-page":"1","volume":"20","author":"Niranjanamurthy M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cluster Comput"},{"issue":"99","key":"bibr29-1460458219866350","first-page":"1","volume":"776","author":"Guo R","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"bibr30-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-com.2017.0619"},{"key":"bibr31-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/info9020044"},{"key":"bibr32-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-018-0994-6"},{"key":"bibr33-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2018.08.002"},{"key":"bibr34-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2017.10.006"},{"key":"bibr35-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2018.06.003"},{"key":"bibr36-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2018.07.003"},{"key":"bibr37-1460458219866350","first-page":"49","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE international conference on smart computing (SMARTCOMP)","author":"Jiang S"},{"key":"bibr38-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.22345"},{"key":"bibr39-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2018.1472996"},{"key":"bibr40-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1042091.1042094"},{"key":"bibr41-1460458219866350","unstructured":"Nakamoto S. Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system, 2008, https:\/\/bitcoin.org\/bitcoin.pdf"},{"key":"bibr42-1460458219866350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2018.02.014"},{"key":"bibr43-1460458219866350","unstructured":"Smith K, Dhillon G. Blockchain for digital crime prevention: the case of health informatics, 2017, https:\/\/aisel.aisnet.org\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1040&context=amcis2017"}],"container-title":["Health Informatics Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1460458219866350","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1460458219866350","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1460458219866350","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:30:39Z","timestamp":1777501839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1460458219866350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1460458219866350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1460458219866350","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-4582","1741-2811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-4582","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]]}}}