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Mainly, its use is focused on the industrial, services, and business sector. However, in recent years, it has begun to apply for optimizing clinical processes. So far, no studies that evaluate its true impact on the healthcare sector have been found. This systematic review aims to assess the results of the application of Business Process Management methodology on clinical processes, analyzing whether it can become a useful tool to improve the effectiveness and quality of processes. We conducted a systematic literature review using ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Springer databases. After the electronic search process in different databases, 18 articles met the pre-established requirements. The findings support the use of Business Process Management as an effective methodology to optimize clinical processes. Business Process Management has proven to be a feasible and useful methodology to design and optimize clinical processes, as well as to automate tasks. However, a more comprehensive follow-up of this methodology, better technological support, and greater involvement of all the clinical staff are factors that play a key role for the development of its true potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458219877092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T03:03:04Z","timestamp":1570158184000},"page":"1305-1320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Business Process Management for optimizing clinical processes: A systematic literature review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0401-670X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"De Ram\u00f3n Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8919-8863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Ruiz Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Sabuco Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1460458219877092","volume-title":"Business process management : the third wave","author":"Smith H","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr2-1460458219877092","volume-title":"Business process change: a manager\u2019s guide to improving, redesigning, and automating processes","author":"Harmon P.","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr3-1460458219877092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-014-0140-z"},{"key":"bibr4-1460458219877092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/14637151311294877"},{"key":"bibr5-1460458219877092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ietisy\/e90-d.4.745"},{"key":"bibr6-1460458219877092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.08.347"},{"key":"bibr7-1460458219877092","first-page":"42","volume-title":"Proceeding international conference on health informatics","author":"Schmollinger M"},{"key":"bibr8-1460458219877092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-05352-8_8"},{"key":"bibr9-1460458219877092","first-page":"1209","volume":"12","author":"Kaddari A","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Innov Comput I"},{"key":"bibr10-1460458219877092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01190-0_3"},{"key":"bibr11-1460458219877092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-13281-5_9","volume-title":"Knowledge representation for health care","volume":"8903","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Salvador B","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr12-1460458219877092","first-page":"80","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd INCOSE Italia Conference on Systems Engineering (CIISE 2016)","volume":"1728","author":"Ciancia P"},{"key":"bibr13-1460458219877092","first-page":"65","volume":"705","author":"M\u00fcller R","year":"2011","journal-title":"CEUR Workshop Proc"},{"key":"bibr14-1460458219877092","first-page":"3249","volume-title":"Proceeding annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences","author":"Braun R"},{"key":"bibr15-1460458219877092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-014-9746-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr16-1460458219877092","first-page":"40","volume":"21","author":"Soti P","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Healthc Inf Manag"},{"key":"bibr17-1460458219877092","first-page":"757","volume-title":"IEEE 10th international conference on computer and information technology (CIT)","author":"Moon J"},{"key":"bibr18-1460458219877092","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 15th Americas conference on information systems","volume":"93","author":"Becker J"},{"key":"bibr19-1460458219877092","first-page":"87","volume":"202","author":"Rodriguez S","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"bibr20-1460458219877092","unstructured":"Stephenson C, Bandara W. 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