{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T23:48:33Z","timestamp":1777852113696,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573084800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSRD EPID-007-15S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSRD EPID-007-15S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HSRD IIR 16-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HSRD IIR 16-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Informatics J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We compared smoking status from Veterans Health Administration (VHA) structured data with text in electronic health record (EHR) to assess validity. We manually abstracted the smoking status of 5,610 VHA patients. Only those with a smoking status found in both EHR text data and VHA structured data were included (n=5,289). We calculated agreement and kappa statistics to compare structured data vs. manually abstracted EHR text smoking status. We found a kappa statistic of 0.70 and total agreement of 81.1% between EHR text data and structured data for Current, Former, and Never smoking categories. Comparing EHR text data and structured data between Never and Ever smokers revealed a kappa statistic of 0.62 and total agreement of 89.1%. For comparison between Current and Never\/Former smokers, the kappa statistic was 0.80 and total agreement was 90.2%. We found substantial and significant agreement between smoking status in EHR text data and structured data that may aid in future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458219882259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T08:50:10Z","timestamp":1573116610000},"page":"1507-1515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Validity of Veterans Health Administration structured data to determine accurate smoking status"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0536-5853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara E","family":"Golden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth R","family":"Hooker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Shull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Portland Health Care System (VAPORHCS), USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Crothers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System, USA; University of Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reid F","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University, USA; VA Portland Health Care System (VAPORHCS), USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher G","family":"Slatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Portland Health Care System (VAPORHCS), USA; Oregon Health & Science University, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1460458219882259","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking & tobacco use, https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tobacco\/data_statistics\/fact_sheets\/fast_facts\/index.htm (2018, accessed 8 March 2018)."},{"key":"bibr2-1460458219882259","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. What are the risk factors for lung cancer? https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/cancer\/lung\/basic_info\/risk_factors.htm (2018, accessed 14 December 2018)."},{"key":"bibr3-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21332"},{"key":"bibr4-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-4-200502150-00005"},{"key":"bibr5-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntr206"},{"key":"bibr6-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2408"},{"key":"bibr7-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5750\/ejpch.v4i2.1093"},{"key":"bibr8-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.5.1753"},{"key":"bibr9-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.02.001"},{"key":"bibr10-1460458219882259","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Health Services Research and Development Service, VA Information Resource Center. VIReC resource guide: VA corporate data warehouse, https:\/\/www.virec.research.va.gov\/Resources\/RUGs.asp (2016, accessed 8 March 2018)."},{"key":"bibr11-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr12-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2298\/VSP170227056A","volume":"71","author":"Apostolovi\u0107 M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vojnosanit Pregl"},{"key":"bibr13-1460458219882259","unstructured":"The Plone Foundation. About VistA, http:\/\/worldvista.org\/AboutVistA (accessed 8 March 2018)."},{"key":"bibr14-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12670"},{"key":"bibr15-1460458219882259","volume-title":"Using tobacco health factors data for VA health services research","author":"Barnett PG"},{"key":"bibr16-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2017.01.009"},{"key":"bibr17-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx229"},{"key":"bibr18-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031"},{"key":"bibr19-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181de24bc"},{"key":"bibr20-1460458219882259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201612-984OC"}],"container-title":["Health Informatics Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1460458219882259","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1460458219882259","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1460458219882259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:30:48Z","timestamp":1777501848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1460458219882259"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1460458219882259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1460458219882259","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-4582","1741-2811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-4582","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]}}}