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Two distinct approaches were tested \u2013 Complication Detection and Anomaly Detection. The former is a generic supervised learning problem and for this a simple feed-forward Neural Network performed best. For the latter, we used an Encoder-Decoder Long Short-Term Memory architecture that does not require a large manually-labeled dataset. We show this approach to be more flexible and in the spirit of Explainable Artificial Intelligence, offering greater potential for future improvement. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14604582221112855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T11:25:18Z","timestamp":1657279518000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Machine learning in anesthesiology: Detecting adverse events in clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7641-6668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz T","family":"Maci\u0105g","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"van Amsterdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Albertus","family":"Ballast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7435-4889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fokie","family":"Cnossen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Michel MRF","family":"Struys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands and Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, 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