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Using a search query, 272,780 tweets associated with anti-vaccine topics and posted between 1 January 2011, and 15 January 2021, were collected. The tweets were classified into a list of 11 topics and analyzed for trends during the periods before and after the onset of COVID-19. Since the beginning of COVID-19, the percentage of anti-vaccine tweets has increased for two topics, \u201cgovernment and politics\u201d and \u201cconspiracy theories,\u201d and decreased for \u201cdevelopmental disabilities.\u201d Compared to tweets regarding flu and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccines, those concerning COVID-19 vaccines showed larger percentages for the topics of conspiracy theories and alternative treatments, and a lower percentage for developmental disabilities. The results support existing anti-vaccine literature and the assertion that anti-vaccine sentiments are an important public-health issue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14604582221135831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T06:14:31Z","timestamp":1669184071000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A comparative analysis of anti-vax discourse on twitter before and after COVID-19 onset"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2336-7601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tareq","family":"Nasralah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Supply Chain and Information Management Group, D\u2019Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3844-3985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Elnoshokaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"El-Gayar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dakota State University, Madison, SD, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8170-8312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Al-Ramahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas A&M University-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6894-0192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Wahbeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, Slippery Rock, PA, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14604582221135831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/18878"},{"key":"bibr2-14604582221135831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-004206"},{"key":"bibr3-14604582221135831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1780846"},{"key":"bibr4-14604582221135831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458217740723"},{"key":"bibr5-14604582221135831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leung CK, Daniel Mai TH, Thong Tran ND, et al. 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