{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T23:46:39Z","timestamp":1777851999894,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Project #411, Reference 304-6311-2020, August 25,"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project #411, Reference 304-6311-2020, August 25,"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Informatics J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence generation lagged behind public health responses. This study describes an international collaboration of frontline clinicians who used open data describing COVID-19 trends to generate \u201cpractice-based evidence\u201d.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Open data resources from nine Northern Periphery and Arctic (NPA) countries were harnessed using the open-source programming language \u2018R' and our collaborations analyses and insights were published on a public-facing website. The website\u2019s visualisations guided teleconference discussions from September 2020 to March 2021, focusing on contextualizing national responses, especially in rural regions.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This project facilitated shared learning from COVID-19 trends and highlighted key aspects of national responses. Notably, rural NPA regions experienced less COVID-19 cases and mortality in the first year of the pandemic.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This international collaborative effort, driven by open data analysis, provided a platform to share real-world insights. The study offers a potential template for future pandemics and emphasises the importance of sustaining open data resources, including granular data like excess mortality, for effective pandemic learning.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14604582251315588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T18:27:21Z","timestamp":1746815241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["COVID-19 open data: An ecological study and international collaboration examining pandemic trends in Northern Periphery arctic countries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8450-186X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael E.","family":"O\u2019Callaghan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Limerick"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Casey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Limerick"},{"name":"University of Limerick"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Pearl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Limerick"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Hickey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Limerick"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anette","family":"Fosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UiT - The Arctic University of Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sigur\u00f0ur E.","family":"Sigur\u00f0sson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sj\u00fakrah\u00fasi\u00f0 \u00e1 Akureyri (Akureyri Hospital)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Savage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOSM University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katri","family":"Vehvil\u00e4inen-Julkunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Eastern Finland"},{"name":"Kuopio University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6218-4536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsi","family":"Bykachev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Eastern Finland"},{"name":"Kuopio University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anndra","family":"Parviainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Eastern Finland"},{"name":"Kuopio University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowdoin College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Condell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ulster University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerry","family":"Leavey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ulster University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queens University Belfast"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e1l","family":"Weihe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Faroe Islands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria S.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Faroe Islands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liam","family":"Glynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Limerick"},{"name":"University of Limerick"},{"name":"University of Galway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05522-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-01009-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa952"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard > cases [dashboard]. Available from: https:\/\/data.who.int\/dashboards\/covid19\/cases Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wahltinez O et al. COVID-19 Open-Data: a global-scale spatially granular meta-dataset for coronavirus disease. Available from: https:\/\/goo.gle\/covid-19-open-data Accessed 2023 Mar 18.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01263-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","unstructured":"Mathieu E Ritchie H Rod\u00e9s-Guirao L et al. Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Available from: https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/coronavirus Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","unstructured":"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Open Data in action: initiatives during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Available from: https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/gov\/digital-government\/open-data-in-action-initiatives-during-the-initial-stage-of-the-covid-19-pandemic.pdf (2021) Accessed 2023 Feb 11."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30120-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","unstructured":"Mathieu E Ritchie H Rod\u00e9s-Guirao L et al. Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Available from: https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/covid-hospitalizations Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00050-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003266"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaa033"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-020-02370-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","volume-title":"The unreal dichotomy in COVID-19 mortality between high-income and developing countries","author":"Schellekens P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schellekens P, Sourrouille D. The unreal dichotomy in COVID-19 mortality between high-income and developing countries. Brookings Center for Sustainable Development, 2020. Available from: https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/blog\/future-development\/2020\/05\/05\/the-unreal-dichotomy-in-covid-19-mortality-between-high-income-and-developing-countries\/ (Accessed 2023 Feb 11)."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","first-page":"45","article-title":"How comparable is COVID-19 mortality across countries?","volume":"26","author":"Karanikolos M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karanikolos M, McKee M. How comparable is COVID-19 mortality across countries? World Health Organization 2020; 26(2): 45\u201350, Available from: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/336295 (Accessed 2023 Apr 4).","journal-title":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","volume-title":"Understanding excess mortality: what is the fairest way to compare COVID-19 deaths internationally?","author":"Krelle H","unstructured":"Krelle H, Barclay C, Tallack C. Understanding excess mortality: what is the fairest way to compare COVID-19 deaths internationally? The Health Foundation. Available from: https:\/\/www.health.org.uk\/news-and-comment\/charts-and-infographics\/understanding-excess-mortality-the-fairest-way-to-make-international-comparisons (Accessed 2023 Mar 16)."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","unstructured":"Northern Periphery and Arctic Programme Secretariat Copenhagen Denmark. NPA 2014-2020 cooperation programme document. Available from: https:\/\/www.interreg-npa.eu\/fileadmin\/Programme_Documents\/Approved_Cooperation_Programme_Jan2016.pdf Accessed 2023 Feb 11."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2021","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/ (Accessed 2023 Mar 17)."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","unstructured":"Chang W Cheng J Allaire J et al. Shiny: web application framework for R. R package version 1.7.4.9002. Available from: https:\/\/shiny.rstudio.com\/ Accessed 2023 Mar 17."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","unstructured":"O\u2019Callaghan ME. COVIDWATCH-NPA project website. Available from: https:\/\/covidwatcheu-npa.shinyapps.io\/covid\/ Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","volume-title":"COVIDWATCH-NPA project (2020-2023)","author":"O\u2019Callaghan ME","year":"2024","unstructured":"O\u2019Callaghan ME. COVIDWATCH-NPA project (2020-2023). GitHub repository, 2024. Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/mikeocLimerick\/COVIDWATCH-NPA (Accessed 2024 Jun 15)."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","unstructured":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. Situation update on coronavirus. Available from: https:\/\/thl.fi\/en\/web\/infectious-diseases-and-vaccinations\/what-s-new\/coronavirus-covid-19-latest-updates\/situation-update-on-coronavirus (2024) Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","unstructured":"Department of Health Government of Ireland. COVID-19 HPSC detailed statistics profile. Available from: https:\/\/data.gov.ie\/dataset\/covid-19-hpsc-detailed-statistics-profile (2023) Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","unstructured":"Northern Ireland Executive. Coronavirus (COVID-19). 2022. Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.nidirect.gov.uk\/campaigns\/coronavirus-covid-19. Dataset discontinued May 2022 \u2013 Latest data available from project GitHub repository [22]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","unstructured":"Public COVID-19 Data for Norway (covid19data.no). COVID-19 data. Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/thohan88\/covid19-nor-data Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","unstructured":"Scottish Government. Coronavirus (COVID-19): trends in daily data. 2023. Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.gov.scot\/publications\/coronavirus-covid-19-trends-in-daily-data\/. Dataset discontinued Feb 2023 \u2013 Latest data available from project GitHub repository [22]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_2","unstructured":"Public Health Agency of Sweden. Statistics on COVID-19. Available from: https:\/\/www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se\/the-public-health-agency-of-sweden\/communicable-disease-control\/covid-19\/statistics\/ (2024) Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_2","unstructured":"Central Statistics Office Ireland. COVID-19 deaths and cases statistics. Available from: https:\/\/www.cso.ie\/en\/releasesandpublications\/ep\/p-covid19\/covid-19informationhub\/health\/covid-19deathsandcasesstatistics\/ (2022) Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.69336"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_2","unstructured":"Eurostat. Excess mortality tables. Available from: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/databrowser\/view\/ Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_2","article-title":"Excess mortality and COVID-19 deaths in Northern Ireland","author":"Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA)","year":"2022","unstructured":"Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA). Excess mortality and COVID-19 deaths in Northern Ireland. Stat Bull 2022, Available from: https:\/\/www.nisra.gov.uk\/sites\/nisra.gov.uk\/files\/publications\/Excess_mortality_and_Covid-19_deaths_in_Northern_Ireland_-_August_2022.pdf (Accessed 2024 Jun 15).","journal-title":"Stat Bull"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_2","unstructured":"National Records of Scotland. Deaths involving coronavirus (COVID-19) in Scotland. Available from: https:\/\/www.nrscotland.gov.uk\/covid19stats (2022) Accessed 2024 Jun 15."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_2","unstructured":"Heaney L. Northern Periphery and arctic programme 2014-2020 \u2013 NPA COVID-19 response (CoRe): citizen summary. Available from: https:\/\/core.interreg-npa.eu\/subsites\/core\/CoRe_-_Citizen_Summary.pdf (2021) Accessed 2024 Jun 22."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_2","unstructured":"Northern Periphery and Arctic Programme 2014-2020. COVIDWATCH-EU NPA project #411 \u2013 NPA COVID-19 response group: citizen summary. Available from: https:\/\/core.interreg-npa.eu\/subsites\/core\/1_-_COVIDWATCHEU-NPA_-_Citizen_Summary.pdf (2021) Accessed 2024 Jun 22."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_37_2","volume-title":"Social media strategy development \u2013 a guide to using social media for public health communication","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2016","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Social media strategy development \u2013 a guide to using social media for public health communication. Stockholm: ECDC, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/33680"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100185"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_40_2","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics (ONS) and Government Office for Science (GOScience). Comparing different international methods of measuring excess mortality. Available from: https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/deaths\/articles\/comparingdifferentinternationalmeasuresofexcessmortality\/2022-12-20 (2022) Accessed 2023 Apr 2."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_41_2","unstructured":"Eurostat. Statistics explained: excess mortality \u2013 statistics. Available from: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/statistics-explained\/index.php?title=Excess_mortality_-_statistics#Excess_mortality_in_the_EU_between_January_2020_and_September_2022 Accessed 2023 Apr 7."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab260"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246663"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2020.103955"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01944363.2020.1777891"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igy023.2851"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-022-00358-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmaa142"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-047832"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31478\/202104c"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-10275-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2022-008477"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_53_2","unstructured":"European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. COVID-19 health system response monitor (HSRM). Available from: https:\/\/eurohealthobservatory.who.int\/monitors\/hsrm\/ Accessed 2023 Apr 2."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_54_2","unstructured":"The Wellcome Trust. From equality to global poverty: the COVID-19 effects on societies and economies. Available from: https:\/\/wellcome.org\/news\/equality-global-poverty-how-covid-19-affecting-societies-and-economies (2020) Accessed 2023 Apr 2."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.21.287654"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-10103-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-98152-5"}],"container-title":["Health Informatics Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14604582251315588","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/14604582251315588","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14604582251315588","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:28:52Z","timestamp":1777501732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/14604582251315588"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/14604582251315588"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14604582251315588","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-4582","1741-2811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-4582","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"article-number":"14604582251315588"}}