{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T23:46:40Z","timestamp":1777852000661,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Informatics J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Audit and feedback (A&amp;F) programmes aim to improve patient care by providing summary data on performance to clinicians. They generally have modest, but variable, effects on patient care and questions remain about how best to provide performance feedback. It is not feasible to test all ways of providing feedback in \u2018real-world\u2019 randomised trials. Online screening experiments that screen feedback techniques prior to real-world evaluations of optimised versions offer a systematic approach. User-centred design methodologies can inform the design of such online experiments.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We report the use of an innovative user-centred design approach to create feedback techniques for an online screening experiment and reflect on its usefulness. This approach included the involvement of patients and stakeholders.\n                    <jats:bold>Results and Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We highlight lessons on ways to engage with partners, considering the feasibility of online A&amp;F feedback delivery, fidelity, and usability. We demonstrate how the approach was implemented to co-create a set of feedback techniques for an online experiment and could also be applied to the design of other digital interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14604582251317101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T19:43:01Z","timestamp":1741894981000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Improving audit and feedback: A user-centred approach to designing feedback techniques for an online experiment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Valentine","family":"Seymour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Willis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Leeds"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Weller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of London,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Althaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5784-8895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill J.","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Melbourne"},{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiana","family":"Lorencatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Wright-Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Leeds"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca E. A.","family":"Walwyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Leeds"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Alderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Leeds"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin C.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manchester"},{"name":"University of Manchester"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Brehaut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute"},{"name":"University of Ottawa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Colquhoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noah","family":"Ivers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute"},{"name":"University of Toronto"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Presseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s College Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda J.","family":"Farrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Leeds"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robbie","family":"Foy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Leeds"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000259.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m213"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-9-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-1-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/m15-2248"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-72206-1_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooy054"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1084822317700883"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/15032"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/co.26.4829"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-022-01208-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fleury S Nollet A Chaniaud N et al. Virtual Reality as a tool for furniture design. In: 2022 International Conference on Cyberworlds (CW) 27-29 Sept. 2022 pp.218-219.","DOI":"10.1109\/CW55638.2022.00051"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2018.2873859"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_16_2","volume-title":"Rehabilitation research: principles and applications","author":"Carter R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carter R, Lubinsky J. Rehabilitation research: principles and applications. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_17_2","article-title":"Student misconceptions about cybersecurity concepts: analysis of think-aloud interviews","volume":"1","author":"Thompson J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thompson J, Herman G, Scheponik T, et al. Student misconceptions about cybersecurity concepts: analysis of think-aloud interviews. J Cybersecur Educ Res Pract 2018; 1.","journal-title":"J Cybersecur Educ Res Pract"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_18_2","volume-title":"Contextual design: evolved","author":"Holtzblatt K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Holtzblatt K, Beyer H. Contextual design: evolved. California: Morgan & Claypool Publishers, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-017-0422-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-019-0950-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_21_2","volume-title":"Design, user experience, and usability Design for contemporary interactive environments 9th international conference, DUXU 2020","author":"Salinas E","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salinas E, Cueva R, Paz F. A systematic review of user-centred design techniques. In: Marcus A, Rosenzweig E (eds). Design, user experience, and usability Design for contemporary interactive environments 9th international conference, DUXU 2020. Springer, 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-013-9486-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/qbbz1124"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/47718"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12529-008-9023-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-020-00089-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-017-0614-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erss.2018.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_29_2","volume-title":"Improving healthcare quality in Europe: Characteristics, effectiveness and implementation of different strategies","author":"Jamvedt G","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jamvedt G, Flottorp S, Ivers N. Audit and feedback as a quality strategy. In: Busse R, Klazinga N, Panteli D, et al (eds) Improving healthcare quality in Europe: Characteristics, effectiveness and implementation of different strategies. Copenhagen, Denmark: European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, 2019."}],"container-title":["Health Informatics Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14604582251317101","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/14604582251317101","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14604582251317101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:28:51Z","timestamp":1777501731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/14604582251317101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/14604582251317101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14604582251317101","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-4582","1741-2811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-4582","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"article-number":"14604582251317101"}}