{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T04:12:40Z","timestamp":1788667960434,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chanjun Tu and Pingxiang University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Informatics J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop and preliminarily assess the usability of a visual usability checklist designed for rural users to evaluate the mHealth interfaces and provide practical feedback to designers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A two-phase research design was adopted: the first phase involved developing checklist items through a literature review, followed by a pilot application with 30 rural users from various regions of China and the Spring Rain Doctor App to assess the checklist\u2019s effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>The results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The item checklist identified 6 dimensions and 40 items, with a focus on rural Chinese users. In the pilot application, older users took a median of 13 minutes (IQR: 9.5\u201316), whereas younger users finished in 3 minutes (IQR: 2\u20135). The results revealed that older rural users are less familiar with mHealth apps than younger users are. The evaluation results, together with the Mann\u2013Whitney U test results, indicate that the checklist has initial potential for assessing the usability and experiences of Chinese rural mHealth users.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study developed a domain-specific checklist for assessing the visual usability of mHealth applications for rural users, providing product designers with a structured visual evaluation tool to better understand the needs of rural users and guide optimization of the mHealth application\u2019s UI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14604582261479243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T08:43:51Z","timestamp":1788511431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and pilot application of a visual usability evaluation checklist for mHealth app interfaces among rural users in China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3743-7068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chanjuan","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pingxiang University"},{"name":"University of Gloucestershire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songqi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pingxiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"54","article-title":"The health status and quality of life of rural residents under different income in China","volume":"4","author":"Zhou WY","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhou WY, Ji K, Chen JY. 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