{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:10:51Z","timestamp":1782864651337,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,8]],"date-time":"2011-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The article analyzes how community members who were evacuated from their homes use various media, and especially the internet, to keep in touch, receive and disseminate information and express their opinions. Of particular interest are the differences between members of various groups, who differ in their decision whether to relocate in Israel with the rest of the original community or not, in media usage patterns and sense of community. The findings demonstrate that evacuees use diversity and multiplicity of media, where various media are used for different purposes according to need. Small media, with a rather limited and local reach (such as pamphlets, SMS, niche websites and small-scale meetings) are predominantly used for most of the needs, overshadowing mass media usage. Correlations were found amongst various media usages, and between the usage of various media and users\u2019 sense of community. The study demonstrates how contemporary media users use a variety of media depending on their circumstances and needs, and how media usage assists in establishing and maintaining a sense of community after the forced transition from the communities of origin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444811410401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,9]],"date-time":"2011-08-09T01:10:14Z","timestamp":1312852214000},"page":"98-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Communication, community, crisis: Mapping uses and gratifications in the contemporary media environment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Azi","family":"Lev-On","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ariel University Center, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444811410401","unstructured":"Almozlinos Y (2006) Religion, media and politics. MA thesis, Bar-Ilan University."},{"key":"bibr2-1461444811410401","volume-title":"Social Capital and Its Value in Coping with Crisis Situations","author":"Billig M","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr3-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.9946"},{"key":"bibr4-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dutta Bergman MJ (2006) Community participation and Internet use after September 11: Complementarity in channel consumption. Journal of Computer-mediated Communication 11(2). Available at: http:\/\/jcmc.indiana.edu\/vol11\/issue2\/dutta-bergman.html (consulted 6 February 2011).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2006.00022.x"},{"key":"bibr5-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13216597.2006.9752014"},{"key":"bibr6-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hcr\/27.1.153"},{"key":"bibr7-1461444811410401","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Ideologies of the Internet","author":"Georgiou M","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr8-1461444811410401","volume-title":"Report on Aspects of the Treatment of the Evacuees from Gush Katif following the Disengagement","author":"Israel Comptroller Office","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr9-1461444811410401","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"Katz E","year":"1959","journal-title":"Studies in Public Communication"},{"key":"bibr10-1461444811410401","first-page":"19","volume-title":"The Uses of Mass Communication: Current Perspectives on Gratifications Research","author":"Katz E","year":"1974"},{"key":"bibr11-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15506878jobem4601_4"},{"key":"bibr12-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444807072215"},{"key":"bibr13-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444809341264"},{"key":"bibr14-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764209356251"},{"key":"bibr15-1461444811410401","first-page":"251","volume":"75","author":"Lin CA","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journalism Quarterly"},{"key":"bibr16-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01490.x"},{"key":"bibr17-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6629(198601)14:1<6::AID-JCOP2290140103>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"bibr18-1461444811410401","unstructured":"Meraz S (2006) Citizen Journalism, Citizen Activism and Technology: Positioning Technology as a \u2018Second Superpower\u2019 in Times of Disasters and Terrorism. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Online Journalism, Austin, Texas. Available at: http:\/\/online.journalism.utexas.edu\/program.php?year=2006) (consulted 6 February 2011)."},{"key":"bibr19-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444801003001003"},{"key":"bibr20-1461444811410401","volume-title":"The Web as an Israeli Solidarity Environment during the Second Lebanon War","author":"Naveh H","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr21-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.1996.tb01458.x"},{"key":"bibr22-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15325020902724586"},{"key":"bibr23-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439309332302"},{"key":"bibr24-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15506878jobem4402_2"},{"key":"bibr25-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4101\/jvwr.v1i3.342"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr26-1461444811410401","first-page":"43","volume":"18","author":"Parker BJ","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Business Review"},{"key":"bibr27-1461444811410401","first-page":"39","volume-title":"Communication and Terrorism","author":"Perse E","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr28-1461444811410401","unstructured":"Pew Internet and American Life Project (2001) The Commons of the Tragedy: How the Internet Was Used by Millions after the Terror Attacks to Grieve, Console, Share News, and Debate the Country\u2019s Response. Available at: http:\/\/www.pewinternet.org\/Reports\/2001\/The-Commons-of-the-Tragedy-How-the-Internet-was-used-by-millions-after-the-terror-attacks.aspx?r=1"},{"key":"bibr29-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5907.2005.00143.x"},{"key":"bibr30-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00909880601065722"},{"key":"bibr31-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0270467610380009"},{"key":"bibr32-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.0056"},{"key":"bibr33-1461444811410401","volume-title":"The Secret of its Strength: The Yesha Council and Its Campaign against the Security Fence and the Disengagement Plan","author":"Roth A","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr34-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327825MCS0301_02"},{"key":"bibr35-1461444811410401","unstructured":"Shir-Raz Y (2008) Uses and gratifications, imagined communities and media in times of war: The case of the second Lebanon war. Unpublished MA thesis, Haifa University."},{"key":"bibr36-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1460563.1460584"},{"key":"bibr37-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764209356252"},{"key":"bibr38-1461444811410401","volume-title":"Virtual Tribalism","author":"Skinner J"},{"key":"bibr39-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2004.7.384"},{"key":"bibr40-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08824090009388759"},{"key":"bibr41-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444807076980"},{"key":"bibr42-1461444811410401","unstructured":"Vaad Mityashvey Gush Katif (2008) Three Years since the Disengagement. Available at: http:\/\/www.4katif.org.il\/new\/artfiles\/%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%AA%20%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%91%203%20%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D.pdf (consulted 3 July 2011)"},{"key":"bibr43-1461444811410401","volume-title":"Two Years since the Disengagement: An Assessment","author":"Weisblai E","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr44-1461444811410401","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01634437030254003"}],"container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444811410401","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1461444811410401","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444811410401","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:39:19Z","timestamp":1777693159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1461444811410401"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1461444811410401"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1461444811410401","relation":{},"ISSN":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1461-4448","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,8]]}}}