{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:17:50Z","timestamp":1777936670375,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,23]],"date-time":"2012-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many of the responses to teen sexting are ineffective and unjust: authorities sometimes blame the victims of nonconsensual sexting, use harsh child pornography laws against minors, and give teenagers the advice to simply abstain. While some scholars champion girls\u2019 media production practices, mass media coverage of girls\u2019 social media use since the early 2000s emphasizes concerns that girls are creating and sharing sexual content. In this paper, I illustrate and challenge common concerns about the negative effect of digital and mobile media on how girls communicate and who they can communicate with. I argue that thinking about sexting as media production would encourage researchers to pay more attention to the opportunities of social media as well as the risks. Thinking about consensual sexting as an act of media authorship also pushes models of media production to better account for the privacy rights of people who create social media content.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444812459171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,24]],"date-time":"2012-09-24T20:14:20Z","timestamp":1348517660000},"page":"449-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Sexting as media production: Rethinking social media and sexuality"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Amy Adele","family":"Hasinoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444812459171","unstructured":"2SMRT4U (2006) What to type. Available at: http:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090601212651\/http:\/\/www.2smrt4u.com\/Tips."},{"key":"bibr2-1461444812459171","unstructured":"A Thin Line (2010) Sexting: what is it? Available at: www.athinline.org\/facts\/sexting."},{"key":"bibr3-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Aftab P (2006) Testimony of Parry Aftab. Hearing: H.R. 5319, the Deleting Online Predators Act of 2006, Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet. Available at: energycommerce.house.gov\/108\/Hearings\/07112006hearing1974\/Aftab.pdf."},{"key":"bibr4-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10304312.2012.665840"},{"key":"bibr5-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Albury K, Funnell N, Noonan E (2010) The politics of sexting: young people, self-representation and citizenship. In: Media, Democracy and Change: Refereed Proceedings of the Australian and New Zealand Communication Association Conference 2010. Available at: www.anzca.net\/component\/docman\/doc_download\/466-the-politics-of-sexting.html."},{"key":"bibr6-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Alexander J (2004) In Their Own Words: LGBT Youth Writing the World Wide Web. GLAAD Center for the Study of Media and Society. Available at: http:\/\/archive.glaad.org\/documents\/csms\/queer_youth.pdf."},{"key":"bibr7-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Alford S (2007) Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Programs: Ineffective, Unethical, and Poor Public Health. Advocates for Youth. Available at: www.advocatesforyouth.org\/PUBLICATIONS\/policybrief\/pbabonly.pdf."},{"key":"bibr8-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Hostile Hallways: Bullying, Teasing, and Sexual Harassment in School","author":"American Association of University Women","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr9-1461444812459171","first-page":"406","volume-title":"The YouTube Reader","author":"Andrejevic M","year":"2009","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr10-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09537329608524256"},{"key":"bibr11-1461444812459171","series-title":"The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Series on Digital Media and Learning","volume-title":"Civic Life Online: Learning How Digital Media Can Engage Youth","author":"Bennett WL","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr12-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444810377919"},{"key":"bibr13-1461444812459171","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Youth, Identity, and Digital Media","author":"boyd d","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr14-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Braver R (2009) Targeting teens for sexting: more youngsters are transmitting racy photos of themselves via cell phones and the web, running afoul of child porn laws. CBS News: Good Morning. Available at: www.cbsnews.com\/stories\/2009\/05\/31\/sunday\/main5051909.shtml."},{"key":"bibr15-1461444812459171","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Digital Youth, Innovation, and the Unexpected","author":"Cassell J","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr16-1461444812459171","unstructured":"CNN (2009) Teens face porn charges. Prime News. Available at: www.cnn.com\/video\/#\/video\/bestoftv\/2009\/01\/15\/pn.sexting.teens.cnn."},{"key":"bibr17-1461444812459171","first-page":"5","volume":"22","author":"Cohen NS","year":"2008","journal-title":"Democratic Communiqu\u00e9"},{"key":"bibr18-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Colon D (2010) Is sexting right 4 u?). AOL personals. Available at: http:\/\/personals.aol.com\/articles\/2010\/02\/17\/is-sexting-right-4-u\/"},{"key":"bibr19-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Cox Communications (2009) Teen online & wireless safety survey: cyberbullying, sexting, and parental controls. Available at: http:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100107065200\/http:\/\/www.cox.com\/takecharge\/safe_teens_2009\/media\/2009_teen_survey_internet_and_wireless_safety.pdf."},{"key":"bibr20-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14680770903457063"},{"key":"bibr21-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/20458965"},{"key":"bibr22-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Donohue MJ, Hailstone AJ (2009) Reply brief of appellant, George Skumanick, Jr. Miller, et al. v. Skumanick: legal documents. Available at: www.aclupa.org\/downloads\/Skumanickreply.pdf."},{"key":"bibr23-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10949310050191845"},{"key":"bibr24-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17482798.2011.587147"},{"key":"bibr25-1461444812459171","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Digital Generations","author":"Driver S","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr26-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Queer Girls and Popular Culture: Reading, Resisting, and Creating Media","author":"Driver S","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr27-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2011.10.015"},{"key":"bibr28-1461444812459171","volume-title":"The Lolita Effect: The Media Sexualization of Young Girls and What We Can Do about It","author":"Durham MG","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr29-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12119-008-9036-8"},{"key":"bibr30-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Eichenwald K (2005) Through his webcam, a boy joins a sordid online world. New York Times. Available at: www.nytimes.com\/2005\/12\/19\/national\/19kids.ready.html."},{"key":"bibr31-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17763\/haer.76.3.w5042g23122n6703"},{"key":"bibr32-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Gatti J (2009) The MTV-Associated digital abuse study. A thin line. Available at: http:\/\/www.athinline.org\/MTV-AP_Digital_Abuse_Study_Full.pdf."},{"key":"bibr33-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363460708100916"},{"key":"bibr34-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Goldstein L (2009) Documenting and denial: discourses of sexual self-exploitation. Jump Cut 51. Available at:www.ejumpcut.org\/archive\/jc51.2009\/goldstein\/index.html."},{"key":"bibr35-1461444812459171","author":"Gordon-Messer D","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"bibr36-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01485.x"},{"key":"bibr37-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Grisso AD, Weiss D (2005) What are gURLs talking about? Adolescent girls\u2019 construction of sexual identity on gURL.com. In: Mazzarella S (ed.) Girl Wide Web: Girls, the Internet, and the Negotiation of Identity. New York: Peter Lang, pp. 31\u201349."},{"key":"bibr38-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203490198"},{"key":"bibr39-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Sexting: The Politics of Social Media and Sexuality","author":"Hasinoff AA"},{"key":"bibr40-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Not in Front of the Children: \u2018Indecency,\u2019 Censorship and the Innocence of Youth","author":"Heins M","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr41-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century. (Building the Field of Digital Media and Learning)","author":"Jenkins H","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr42-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1741659011429868"},{"key":"bibr43-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Girls Make Media","author":"Kearney MC","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr44-1461444812459171","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Queer Online: Media Technology and Sexuality","author":"Laukkanen M","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr45-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Lenhart A (2009) Teens and Sexting: How and Why Minor Teens Are Sending Sexually Suggestive Nude or Nearly Nude Images via Text Messaging. Pew Internet & American Life Project. Available at: http:\/\/pewresearch.org\/assets\/pdf\/teens-and-sexting.pdf."},{"key":"bibr46-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Leshnoff J (2009) C*U*2nite: Sexting Not Just for Kids. Love & Relationships: AARP.org, Available at: www.aarp.org\/content\/aarp\/en\/home\/family\/love\/articles\/sexting_not_just_for_kids.print.html."},{"key":"bibr47-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444808089415"},{"key":"bibr48-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Dubious Conceptions: The Politics of Teenage Pregnancy","author":"Luker K","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr49-1461444812459171","first-page":"133","volume":"5","author":"Macintosh L","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of LGBT Youth"},{"key":"bibr50-1461444812459171","first-page":"46","volume-title":"The Culture Society: Art, Fashion and Popular Music","author":"McRobbie A","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr51-1461444812459171","first-page":"13","author":"Marwick AE","year":"2008","journal-title":"First Monday"},{"key":"bibr52-1461444812459171","unstructured":"Marwick AE, Murgia-Diaz D, Palfrey JG (2010) Youth, privacy and reputation (Literature review). Berkman Center Research Publication no. 2010-5. Available at: http:\/\/cyber.law.harvard.edu\/publications\/2010\/Youth_Privacy_Reputation_Lit_Review\/."},{"key":"bibr53-1461444812459171","volume-title":"MySpace.com: Teens Love It. So Do Predators","author":"Mayer-Hohdahl A","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr54-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Gender, Bullying, and Harassment: Strategies to End Sexism and Homophobia in Schools","author":"Meyer EJ","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr55-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559504271917"},{"key":"bibr56-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2007.02.001"},{"key":"bibr57-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1730"},{"key":"bibr58-1461444812459171","unstructured":"MSNBC (2008) Survey: teens sharing nude images online: recent survey finds that sex, tech and teens make bad bedfellows. Today Show. Available at: www.msnbc.msn.com\/id\/28141513\/wid\/11915773."},{"key":"bibr59-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Sex and Tech: Results from a Survey of Teens and Young Adults","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr60-1461444812459171","first-page":"119","volume":"79","author":"Nissenbaum H","year":"2004","journal-title":"Washington Law Review"},{"key":"bibr61-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-011-0042-5"},{"key":"bibr62-1461444812459171","first-page":"191","volume-title":"Girlhood: Redefining the Limits","author":"Polak M","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr63-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/acri.43.1.76"},{"key":"bibr64-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511777080"},{"key":"bibr65-1461444812459171","author":"Reyns BW","journal-title":"Journal of Crime and Justice"},{"key":"bibr66-1461444812459171","volume-title":"A Qualitative Study of Children, Young People and \u2018Sexting\u2019: A Report Prepared for the NSPCC","author":"Ringrose J","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr67-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to the Interpretation of Visual Materials","author":"Rose G","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr68-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9780230607019_15"},{"key":"bibr69-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.60082\/2817-5069.1090"},{"key":"bibr70-1461444812459171","volume-title":"The Future of Reputation: Gossip, Rumor, and Privacy on the Internet","author":"Solove DJ","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr71-1461444812459171","author":"Strassberg D","journal-title":"Archives of Sexual Behavior"},{"key":"bibr72-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appdev.2004.09.007"},{"key":"bibr73-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Network Culture: Politics for the Information Age","author":"Terranova T","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr74-1461444812459171","volume-title":"Instant Identity: Adolescent Girls and the World of Instant Messaging","author":"Thiel-Stern S","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr75-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3167\/ghs.2009.020103","volume":"2","author":"Thiel-Stern S","year":"2009","journal-title":"Girlhood Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal"},{"key":"bibr76-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01480.x"},{"key":"bibr77-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674044364"},{"key":"bibr78-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558407303979"},{"key":"bibr79-1461444812459171","unstructured":"US Congress (2006) Deleting Online Predators Act of 2006. Congressional Record 152: H5883\u2013H5889. Available at: www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CREC-2006-07-26\/html\/CREC-2006-07-26-pt1-PgH5883.htm."},{"key":"bibr80-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-25724-9","volume-title":"Daddy\u2019s Girl: Young Girls and Popular Culture","author":"Walkerdine V","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr81-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2011.02.008"},{"key":"bibr82-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.63.2.111"},{"key":"bibr83-1461444812459171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e582702010-001"}],"container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444812459171","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1461444812459171","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444812459171","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:40:11Z","timestamp":1777693211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1461444812459171"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,23]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1461444812459171"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1461444812459171","relation":{},"ISSN":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1461-4448","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,23]]}}}