{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:18:58Z","timestamp":1777936738661,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,6]],"date-time":"2014-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The iPhone has come to be one of the most popular and widely used cameras because of its ubiquity and the ease with which images can be uploaded directly to sites like Flickr, Facebook, and Twitter. The introduction of photography \u201capps,\u201d like Hipstamatic or Instagram, adds layers of aesthetic capabilities not previously available within the camera. These capabilities have attracted artists seeking technologies for new media of artistic expression. Drawing on Becker\u2019s theory of \u201cart worlds,\u201d this article describes the ways in which iPhone photographers, or iphoneographers, engage in the process of art world building. Through online ethnography and semistructured interviews, this study reveals the ways iphoneographers are creating, sharing, and critiquing their work. The practices of iphoneographers are not unlike those of artists engaged with new media throughout history, and indicate patterns of remediation. Through their activities, the iphoneography community is grappling with issues about the values, practices, aesthetics, and even aura of iphoneography, and in doing so, they are building and legitimating a new art world.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444814538632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,7]],"date-time":"2014-06-07T01:50:47Z","timestamp":1402105847000},"page":"62-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Iphoneography as an emergent art world"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Megan","family":"Halpern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Humphreys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444814538632","volume-title":"Art Worlds: 25th Anniversary Edition, Updated and Expanded","author":"Becker HS","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr2-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/screen\/13.1.5"},{"key":"bibr3-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-137-08886-4_7"},{"key":"bibr4-1461444814538632","volume-title":"Remediation: Understanding New Media","author":"Bolter JD","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr5-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1354856506061550"},{"key":"bibr6-1461444814538632","volume-title":"Photography: A Middle-Brow Art","author":"Bourdieu P","year":"1996","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr7-1461444814538632","unstructured":"Buchanan M (2011) Hipstamatic and the death of photojournalism. Gizmodo, 10 February. Available at: http:\/\/gizmodo.com\/5756703\/is-hipstamatic-killing-photojournalism"},{"key":"bibr8-1461444814538632","first-page":"103","volume-title":"Photography a Middle-Brow Art","author":"Castel R","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr9-1461444814538632","unstructured":"Chip Litherland (2011) There\u2019s an app for photojournalism. Chiplitherland.com, 9 February. Available at: http:\/\/www.chiplitherland.com\/blog\/2011\/02\/09\/theres-an-app-for-photojournalism\/"},{"key":"bibr10-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/778455"},{"key":"bibr11-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2022937"},{"key":"bibr12-1461444814538632","unstructured":"Dao J (2010) Between Firefights, Jokes, Sweat and Tedium. The New York Times, 21 November. Available at: http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/11\/22\/world\/asia\/22grunts.html?_r=1"},{"key":"bibr13-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01596300701625305"},{"key":"bibr14-1461444814538632","volume-title":"Towards a Philosophy of Photography","author":"Flusser V","year":"1983"},{"key":"bibr15-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/var.1992.8.1.126"},{"key":"bibr16-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-4726.2000.2301_27.x"},{"key":"bibr17-1461444814538632","unstructured":"Grobart S (2010) In Smartphone Era, Point-and-Shoots Stay Home. The New York Times, Technology, 3 December. Available at: http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/12\/04\/technology\/04camera.html?_r=2&src=tptw"},{"key":"bibr18-1461444814538632","unstructured":"Ha P (2010) The 10 best camera apps for the iPhone. Time.com, Techland, 1 March. Available at: http:\/\/techland.time.com\/2010\/03\/02\/the-10-best-camera-apps-for-the-iphone\/slide\/colorsplash\/"},{"key":"bibr19-1461444814538632","unstructured":"Ito M (2003) Camera phones changing the definition of picture-worthy. Japan Media Review. Available at: http:\/\/www.douri.sh\/classes\/ics234cw04\/ito3.pdf"},{"key":"bibr20-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/tech.1990.0053"},{"key":"bibr21-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2005.42"},{"key":"bibr22-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444811410400"},{"key":"bibr23-1461444814538632","volume-title":"Analyzing Social Settings: A Guide to Qualitative Observation and Analysis","author":"Lofland J","year":"2006","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr24-1461444814538632","unstructured":"Madrigal A (2010) Hipstamatic and the time when photographs looked like paintings. The Atlantic, 15 October. Available at: http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/technology\/archive\/2010\/10\/hipstamatic-and-the-time-when-photographs-looked-like-paintings\/64618\/"},{"key":"bibr25-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10304310701278157"},{"key":"bibr26-1461444814538632","unstructured":"O\u2019Grady JD (2010) Top 10 iPhone camera apps. ZDNet, 2 March. Available at: http:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/blog\/apple\/top-10-iphone-camera-apps\/6161."},{"key":"bibr27-1461444814538632","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Photography: A Critical Introduction","author":"Price D","year":"2000","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr28-1461444814538632","first-page":"309","volume-title":"New Mobilities Regimes in Art and Social Sciences","author":"Sheller M","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr29-1461444814538632","volume-title":"On Photography","author":"Sontag S","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr30-1461444814538632","volume-title":"How to Study Art Worlds: On the Societal Functioning of Aesthetic Values","author":"Van Maanen H","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr31-1461444814538632","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/nor-2017-0200"},{"key":"bibr32-1461444814538632","volume-title":"Photography: A Critical Introduction","author":"Wells L","year":"2000","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr33-1461444814538632","unstructured":"Winter D (2011) Through my eye, not Hipstamatic\u2019s. The New York Times. In: Lens Blog. Available at: http:\/\/lens.blogs.nytimes.com\/2011\/02\/11\/through-my-eye-not-hipstamatics\/"}],"container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444814538632","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1461444814538632","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444814538632","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:42:11Z","timestamp":1777693331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1461444814538632"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,6]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1461444814538632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1461444814538632","relation":{},"ISSN":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1461-4448","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,6]]}}}