{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T18:59:34Z","timestamp":1778180374990,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,4]],"date-time":"2016-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The role played by the Internet in young people\u2019s political lives has received great research attention. However, two gaps in the literature hinder the drawing of conclusions on how online political participation is related to its offline counterpart. First, although there are multiple hypotheses on the nature of the relationship, they have not been compared in any single study. Second, although the relation may differ according to developmental stage, age differences have not been examined. We address these gaps using longitudinal data from two samples of youth at different developmental stages, and test four hypotheses for each sample. It was found, among late adolescents, that online participation serves as a gateway to offline participation. However, among young adults, offline participation spills over into online participation. These findings indicate the positive potential of online political participation in youth\u2019s political lives, and highlight the need to focus on their developmental stages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444815624181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,4]],"date-time":"2016-03-04T22:12:18Z","timestamp":1457129538000},"page":"899-917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["The longitudinal relation between online and offline political participation among youth at two different developmental stages"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yunhwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d6rebro University, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d6rebro University, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Amn\u00e5","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d6rebro University, Sweden"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650210381738"},{"key":"bibr2-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439309334325"},{"key":"bibr3-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470767603.ch15"},{"key":"bibr4-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13621020902731116"},{"key":"bibr5-1461444815624181","volume-title":"Development through the Life Span","author":"Berk LE","year":"2009","edition":"5"},{"key":"bibr6-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11109-005-3242-y"},{"key":"bibr7-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10584600902854363"},{"key":"bibr8-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104649602237169"},{"key":"bibr9-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2012.03.012"},{"key":"bibr10-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10584600050178942"},{"key":"bibr11-1461444815624181","first-page":"129","volume-title":"The Civic Web: Online Politics and Democratic Values","author":"Delli Carpini MX","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr12-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/commun-2012-0013"},{"key":"bibr13-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470767603.ch11"},{"key":"bibr14-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022381613000431"},{"key":"bibr15-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444811410408"},{"key":"bibr16-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2011.591411"},{"key":"bibr17-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439310385538"},{"key":"bibr18-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4337\/9781782548768.00022"},{"key":"bibr19-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1532673X02030005002"},{"key":"bibr20-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1532673X06290911"},{"key":"bibr21-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9477.12008"},{"key":"bibr22-1461444815624181","first-page":"494","volume-title":"Oxford Handbook on ICTs","author":"Livingstone S","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr23-1461444815624181","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Young Citizens in the Digital Age: Political Engagement, Young People and New Media","author":"Livingstone S","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr24-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470767603.ch1"},{"key":"bibr25-1461444815624181","volume-title":"Mplus User\u2019s Guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n LK","year":"1998","edition":"7"},{"key":"bibr26-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2011.08.010"},{"key":"bibr27-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139164887"},{"key":"bibr28-1461444815624181","first-page":"17","volume":"65","author":"O\u2019Reilly T","year":"2007","journal-title":"Communications and Strategies"},{"key":"bibr29-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022381610000149"},{"key":"bibr30-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/358916.361990"},{"key":"bibr31-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439307312631"},{"key":"bibr32-1461444815624181","first-page":"315","volume-title":"Longitudinal Models in the Behavioral and Related Sciences","author":"Schl\u00fcter E","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr33-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199760107.013.0003"},{"key":"bibr34-1461444815624181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470767603"},{"key":"bibr35-1461444815624181","unstructured":"Smith A (2013) Civic engagement in the digital age. 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