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Using surveys, interviews, and reviews of literature, policy papers, website and social media content, this study examines the role of digital and social media in social movement organisations and asks how increased digital connectivity can help spread knowledge and mobilise mining protests. Results show that the use of new media in Colombia is hindered by socioeconomic constraints, fear of oppression, the constraints of keyboard activism and strong hierarchical power structures within social movements. Hence, effects on political mobilisation are still limited. Social media do not spontaneously produce non-hierarchical knowledge structures. Attention to both internal and external knowledge sharing is therefore conditional to optimising digital and social media use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444816644567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,2]],"date-time":"2016-05-02T21:49:36Z","timestamp":1462225776000},"page":"1907-1926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Gold, power, protest: Digital and social media and protests against large-scale mining projects in Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Doug","family":"Specht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Westminster, UK"}]},{"given":"Mirjam AF","family":"Ros-Tonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444816644567","unstructured":"AGA (2008) Report to Society 2008 \u2013 Case Study: Human Rights. 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