{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:32:18Z","timestamp":1776101538584,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]],"date-time":"2016-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Marie Sklodowska-Curie fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Marie Sklodowska-Curie fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000873","name":"Andrew W. Mellon Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Postdoctoral fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Postdoctoral fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000873","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> With Internet access, citizens in non-democracies are often able to diversify their news media repertoires despite government-imposed restrictions on media freedom. The extent to which they do so depends on motivations and habits of news consumption. This article presents a qualitative study of the motivations and habits underlying news media repertoires among a group of digitally connected university students in authoritarian Russia. Interviews reveal awareness and dissatisfaction vis-a-vis the \u2018propagandistic\u2019 nature of state-controlled news content, resulting in a preference for using multiple different sources \u2013 including foreign websites and \u2018non-official\u2019 citizen accounts \u2013 to build a personal understanding of what is \u2018really\u2019 going on. The article then examines how the students make sense of conflicting narratives about international affairs which they encounter in state and non-state sources. Paradoxically, low reported consumption of distrusted, \u2018propagandistic\u2019 state television is often accompanied by reproduction of the overarching strategic narrative which state television conveys. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444816656638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T02:43:44Z","timestamp":1467945824000},"page":"68-87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["News media repertoires and strategic narrative reception: A paradox of dis\/belief in authoritarian Russia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Joanna","family":"Szostek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Holloway, University of London, UK"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Applebaum A (2016) The Dutch just showed the world how Russia influences Western European elections. Available at: www.washingtonpost.com\/opinions\/russias-influence-in-western-elections\/2016\/04\/08\/b427602a-fcf1&ndash;11e5-886f-a037dba38301_story.html"},{"key":"bibr2-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365027600300101"},{"key":"bibr3-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2008.00410.x"},{"key":"bibr4-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1081180X05281692"},{"key":"bibr5-1461444816656638","volume-title":"The Uses of Mass Communications: Current Perspectives on Gratifications Research","author":"Blumler JG","year":"1974"},{"key":"bibr6-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Media Consumption and Public Engagement: Beyond the Presumption of Attention","author":"Couldry N","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr7-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Dilemmas of Pluralist Democracy","author":"Dahl RA","year":"1982"},{"key":"bibr8-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1027448801656"},{"key":"bibr9-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838151.2014.998220"},{"key":"bibr10-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838159309364202"},{"key":"bibr11-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781503620766"},{"key":"bibr12-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/poq\/nfw006"},{"key":"bibr13-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Freedom on the Net 2015","author":"Freedom House","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr14-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Nations in Transit 2015: Democracy on the Defensive in Europe and Eurasia","author":"Freedom House","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr15-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01440.x"},{"key":"bibr16-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2009.01452.x"},{"key":"bibr17-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Russia\u2019s \u2018New\u2019 Tools for Confronting the West: Continuity and Innovation in Moscow\u2019s Exercise of Power","author":"Giles K","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr18-1461444816656638","first-page":"757","volume":"9","author":"Hasebrink U","year":"2012","journal-title":"Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies"},{"key":"bibr19-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/COMMUN.2006.023"},{"key":"bibr20-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00070.x"},{"key":"bibr21-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2004.11.002"},{"key":"bibr22-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1940161214530787"},{"key":"bibr23-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Levada-Tsentr (2014a) Rossiyane o SMI. Available at: www.levada.ru\/2014\/02\/28\/rossiyane-o-smi"},{"key":"bibr24-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Levada-Tsentr (2014b) Vneshnepoliticheskiye vragi i partnery Rossii. Available at: http:\/\/www.levada.ru\/2014\/10\/21\/vneshnepoliticheskie-vragi-i-partnery-rossii\/"},{"key":"bibr25-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Loshak A (2015) \u2018Ya nauchilsya dogovarivatsya s soboy\u2019 \u2013 Monolog Konstantina Goldentsvayga, uvolennogo c NTV za vyskazyvaniye o Putine. Available at: https:\/\/meduza.io\/feature\/2015\/06\/11\/ya-nauchilsya-dogovarivatsya-s-soboy"},{"key":"bibr26-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199977833.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr27-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Strategic Narratives: Communication Power and the New World Order","author":"Miskimmon A","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr28-1461444816656638","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Soft Power and US Foreign Policy: Theoretical, Historical and Contemporary Perspectives","author":"Nye JS","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr29-1461444816656638","first-page":"137","volume-title":"An Integrated Approach to Communication Theory and Research","author":"Papacharissi Z","year":"2008","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr30-1461444816656638","volume-title":"The Filter Bubble: What the Internet Is Hiding from You","author":"Pariser E","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr31-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.polisci.1.1.315"},{"key":"bibr32-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Looking West? Cultural Globalization and Russian Youth Cultures","author":"Pilkington H","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr33-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769900107800108"},{"key":"bibr34-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Pomerantsev P (2015) Hearing: confronting Russia\u2019s weaponization of information. Available at: http:\/\/foreignaffairs.house.gov\/hearing\/hearing-confronting-russia-s-weaponization-information"},{"key":"bibr35-1461444816656638","volume-title":"The Menace of Unreality: How the Kremlin Weaponizes Information, Culture and Money","author":"Pomerantsev P","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr36-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838159609364336"},{"key":"bibr37-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Reporters Without Borders (2015) World Press Freedom Index 2015. Available at: https:\/\/rsf.org\/ranking"},{"key":"bibr38-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Rezunkov V (2015) The trolls who came in from the cold. Available at: http:\/\/www.rferl.org\/content\/russia-trolls-headquarters-media-internet-insider-account\/26904157.html"},{"key":"bibr39-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1750635213516696"},{"key":"bibr40-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1461670X.2014.890332"},{"key":"bibr41-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616701003638392"},{"key":"bibr42-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/267513"},{"key":"bibr43-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Sidorov D (2015) Kak delayut TV-propaganda: Chetyre svidetelstva. Available at: www.colta.ru\/articles\/society\/8163"},{"key":"bibr44-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09636412.2015.1003723"},{"key":"bibr45-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00992905"},{"key":"bibr46-1461444816656638","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Social Theory and the Politics of Identity","author":"Somers MR","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr47-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11109-007-9050-9"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr48-1461444816656638","first-page":"610","volume":"12","author":"Suboti\u0107 J","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foreign Policy Analysis"},{"key":"bibr49-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Republic.com","author":"Sunstein CR","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr50-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1461670X.2015.1129285"},{"key":"bibr51-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09668136.2016.1274019"},{"key":"bibr52-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14650045.2016.1214910"},{"key":"bibr53-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444811436146"},{"key":"bibr54-1461444816656638","first-page":"929","volume":"7","author":"Trilling D","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication"},{"key":"bibr55-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Volkov D (2015) Istoriya rossiyskogo antiamerikanizma: Pochemu v Rossii stali schitat SSHA vragom. Available at: http:\/\/carnegie.ru\/publications\/?fa=60220"},{"key":"bibr56-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Volkov D (2016a) Pochemu my ne lyubim Ameriku. Available at: http:\/\/www.vedomosti.ru\/opinion\/articles\/2016\/04\/25\/638889-pochemu-mi-ne-lyubim-ameriku"},{"key":"bibr57-1461444816656638","unstructured":"Volkov D (2016b) Rodina vne kritiki. Available at: http:\/\/www.vedomosti.ru\/opinion\/articles\/2016\/03\/18\/634111-rodina-kritiki"},{"key":"bibr58-1461444816656638","volume-title":"Rossiyskiy media-landshaft: Televideniye, pressa, Internet","author":"Volkov D","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr59-1461444816656638","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Media Choice: A Theoretical and Empirical Overview","author":"Webster JG","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr60-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/448086"},{"key":"bibr61-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10510970902955992"},{"key":"bibr62-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838151.2011.597466"},{"key":"bibr63-1461444816656638","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2010.549235"}],"container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444816656638","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1461444816656638","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444816656638","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T04:36:39Z","timestamp":1740976599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1461444816656638"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1461444816656638"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1461444816656638","relation":{},"ISSN":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1461-4448","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,7]]}}}