{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T16:44:35Z","timestamp":1768322675467,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,7]],"date-time":"2017-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This article scrutinizes the widespread practice of gold farming in China through two-plus years of field research conducted in 13 gold farming studios across five cities involving 64 participants. Informed by current research and theoretical deliberations on digital labor and co-creative production, the analysis offers insight on the rationales, motivations, and perceptions of gold farming through the practitioners\u2019 perspectives of studio owners, managers, and players. It also explores the role of gold farm studios in the business cycle. Our discussion contextualizes gold farming as a special type of fan labor through transformative gameplay enmeshed in the global game capitalist market and contributes to the understanding of China\u2019s youth-led game culture in general and the variegated intricacies of the trade of gold farming in particular. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444817717326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,31]],"date-time":"2017-12-31T09:32:55Z","timestamp":1514712775000},"page":"2370-2390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Play between love and labor: The practice of gold farming in China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Zixue","family":"Tai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kentucky, USA"}]},{"given":"Fengbin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, China"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1470593116640598"},{"key":"bibr2-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1354856508094660"},{"key":"bibr3-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444809343563"},{"key":"bibr4-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"bibr5-1461444817717326","volume-title":"Synthetic Worlds: The Business and Culture of Online Worlds","author":"Castronova E","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr6-1461444817717326","volume-title":"Constructing Grounded Theory","author":"Charmaz K","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr7-1461444817717326","volume-title":"Play Money: Or, How I Quit My Day Job and Made Millions Trading Virtual Loot","author":"Dibbell J","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr8-1461444817717326","volume-title":"Games of Empire: Global Capitalism and Video Games","author":"Dyer-Witheford N","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr9-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444811412159"},{"key":"bibr10-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315880075"},{"key":"bibr11-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0263276408097794"},{"key":"bibr12-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1555412007309526"},{"key":"bibr13-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1367549410393232"},{"key":"bibr14-1461444817717326","volume-title":"Empire","author":"Hardt M","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr15-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvjsf48h"},{"key":"bibr16-1461444817717326","volume-title":"The Uses of Digital Literacy","author":"Hartley J","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr17-1461444817717326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heeks R (2008) Analysis and future research agenda on \u201cgold farming\u201d: real-world production in developing countries for the virtual economies of online games. 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