{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:23:01Z","timestamp":1777936981801,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554249600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>How is volunteer tourism practice portrayed and policed in an online setting? First, this article describes three humanitarian-themed campaigns\u2014Radi-Aid on YouTube, Humanitarians of Tinder on Tumblr, and Barbie Savior on Instagram\u2014to consider the ways edgy humor might be employed to rebuke and resolve problematic humanitarian practices as well as representations of the African \u201cother\u201d and the humanitarian self. Second, through an inspection of repeated semi-structured interviews and visual content uploaded to Facebook, this article shows how a group of UK-based international volunteers took measures to avoid \u201cstereotypical\u201d volunteer photography (embracing children, selfies) when communicating their experiences in Kenya to a public audience, determined to avoid the scrutiny of \u201cin the know\u201d audience members. We consider these counter-narratives in light of Jane\u2019s concept of \u201cdigilantism,\u201d an emerging style of networked response to injustice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444819834509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T07:02:04Z","timestamp":1554274924000},"page":"1928-1946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Humanitarian humor, digilantism, and the dilemmas of representing volunteer tourism on social media"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0707-4101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaylan C","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Guelph, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa Ann","family":"Richey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Business School, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444819834509","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01436590500089307"},{"key":"bibr2-1461444819834509","unstructured":"Barbie Savior (2019a) The doll that saved Africa. 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