{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T17:56:51Z","timestamp":1783187811809,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]],"date-time":"2020-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600473600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Naked loan selfies are a Chinese Internet phenomenon in which naked selfies taken by young women are used as a form of collateral in peer-to-peer loaning systems. Despite being the subject of sensationalised media coverage in China, naked loan selfies have so far received only very limited academic attention. Drawing on the new materialist ontologies of Karen Barad and Annemarie Mol, this article investigates naked loan selfies as techno-social entities that are enacted through specific online networks and practices. The article uses text-based research and online walkthroughs to trace the way naked loan selfies are constituted first as collateral, and second as pornography. As well as providing insight into an under-researched online phenomenon, this article contributes to the growing body of work on selfies as networked, lively and agentic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444820957257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]],"date-time":"2020-09-19T08:19:37Z","timestamp":1600503577000},"page":"3616-3633","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Naked loan selfies: Becoming collateral, becoming pornography"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0502-842X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessie","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Keane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-954X.12442"},{"key":"bibr2-1461444820957257","unstructured":"Alipay (2017) \u8bc1\u4ef6\u8981\u6c42 [Document requirements]. Available at: https:\/\/help.alipay.com\/lab\/help_detail.htm?help_id=253024 (accessed 10 October 2019)."},{"key":"bibr3-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781473982741"},{"key":"bibr4-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345321"},{"key":"bibr5-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv12101zq"},{"key":"bibr6-1461444820957257","unstructured":"Barad K (2009) Matter feels, converses, suffers, desires, yearns and remembers. In: Paper presented at the 7th European feminist research conference, Utrecht University, Netherlands. Available at: https:\/\/quod.lib.umich.edu\/o\/ohp\/11515701.0001.001\/1:4.3\/\u2013new-materialism-interviews-cartographies?rgn=div2;view=fulltext (accessed 20 October 2017)."},{"key":"bibr7-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/S2050-206020160000011014"},{"key":"bibr8-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557085116654565"},{"key":"bibr9-1461444820957257","volume-title":"Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body","author":"Bordo S","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr10-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781526416070.n21"},{"key":"bibr11-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444819871669"},{"key":"bibr12-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.09.011"},{"key":"bibr13-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jac.v7.28073"},{"key":"bibr14-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0270467617714944"},{"key":"bibr15-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305116641975"},{"key":"bibr16-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1329878X17737407"},{"key":"bibr17-1461444820957257","first-page":"1607","volume":"9","author":"Frosh P","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Communications"},{"key":"bibr18-1461444820957257","volume-title":"Banks and their Customers","author":"Garrett JF","year":"1995"},{"key":"bibr19-1461444820957257","first-page":"513","volume-title":"The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research","author":"Gatson S","year":"2011","edition":"4"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr20-1461444820957257","first-page":"100","volume":"3","author":"Gill R","year":"2003","journal-title":"Feminist Media Studies"},{"key":"bibr21-1461444820957257","unstructured":"Haraway DJ (2008) When Species Meet. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota."},{"key":"bibr22-1461444820957257","unstructured":"Hern A (2019) Verizon sells Tumblr just two years after acquiring social network. The Guardian, 12 August. Available at: https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2019\/aug\/12\/verizon-tumblr-sale-automattic (accessed 15 October 2019)."},{"key":"bibr23-1461444820957257","first-page":"1629","volume":"9","author":"Hess A","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Communications"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr24-1461444820957257","first-page":"1861","volume":"9","author":"Katz JE","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication"},{"key":"bibr25-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-954X.1990.tb03350.x"},{"key":"bibr26-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-954X.1999.tb03479.x"},{"key":"bibr27-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203481141"},{"key":"bibr28-1461444820957257","unstructured":"Leavenworth S (2016) China\u2019s \u2018naked loans\u2019 force female students to bare all in return for more cash. The Guardian, 15 June. Available at: http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/jun\/15\/chinas-naked-loans-force-female-students-to-bare-all-in-return-for-more-cash (accessed 12 April 2020)."},{"key":"bibr29-1461444820957257","unstructured":"Levendowski AM (2013) Using copyright to combat revenge porn. NYU\u2019s Journal of Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law 3: 1\u201328. Available at: https:\/\/jipel.law.nyu.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/NYU_JIPEL_Vol-3-No-2_6_Levendowski_RevengePorn.pdf"},{"key":"bibr30-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444816675438"},{"key":"bibr31-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02614367.2016.1216582"},{"key":"bibr32-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203134153"},{"key":"bibr33-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-017-9431-7"},{"key":"bibr34-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-954X.1999.tb03483.x"},{"key":"bibr35-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/9780822384151"},{"key":"bibr36-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10253866.2015.1052967"},{"key":"bibr37-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5153\/sro.2261"},{"key":"bibr38-1461444820957257","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Pornification: Sex and Sexuality in Media Culture","author":"Paasonen S","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr39-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00131857.2016.1185686"},{"key":"bibr40-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1354856509357582"},{"key":"bibr41-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14680777.2018.1409988"},{"key":"bibr42-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1357034X15592465"},{"key":"bibr43-1461444820957257","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Applying the Actor-Network Theory in Media Studies","author":"Van Loon J","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr44-1461444820957257","first-page":"126","volume":"15","author":"Vivienne S","year":"2017","journal-title":"The International Journal of Media and Culture"},{"key":"bibr45-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305116641706"},{"key":"bibr46-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14680777.2017.1261843"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr47-1461444820957257","first-page":"1775","volume":"9","author":"Williams AA","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Communications"},{"key":"bibr48-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-17341-2_23"},{"key":"bibr49-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u6bd5\u6653\u5a1f [Bi XJ] (2016) \u501f\u8d37\u5b9d \u56de\u5e94 \u201810G \u88f8\u6761 \u2019\uff1a\u5df2\u505c\u6b62\u5bf9109\u540d \u2018 \u88f8\u8d37 \u2019\u5973\u6027\u50ac\u6536. \u4e2d\u56fd\u7f51 [Jiedaibao responds to the 10G Naked IOU: Loan repayment requests no longer made to the 109 \u2018naked loan\u2019 women. Zhongguowang], 23 December. Available at: http:\/\/finance.china.com.cn\/news\/20161223\/4040711.shtml"},{"key":"bibr50-1461444820957257","first-page":"65","volume":"9","author":"\u8463\u96e8\u5947 [Dong YQ]","year":"2017","journal-title":"\u7ecf\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u8005"},{"key":"bibr51-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u501f\u8d37\u5b9d [Jiedaibao] (2017a) \u501f\u8d37\u5b9d\u529f\u80fd\u4ecb\u7ecd [Jiedaibao\u2019s Features]. Available at: http:\/\/www.jiedaibao.com\/news\/5405.html (accessed 14 March 2017)."},{"key":"bibr52-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u501f\u8d37\u5b9d [Jiedaibao] (2017b) \u300a\u501f\u8d37\u5b9d\u5b8c\u5168\u653b\u7565\u300b\u4e4b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7bc7 [The Complete Strategy to Jiedaibao: the Litigation Section]. Available at: https:\/\/www.jiedaibao.com\/finance\/4276.html (accessed 14 March 2017)."},{"key":"bibr53-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u674e\u519b [Li J] (2017) \u4e00\u4e2a\u88f8\u8d37\u5973\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u81ea\u767d. \u5a5a\u59fb\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u7eaa\u5b9e(\u4e0a) [A naked loan university student\u2019s confession.\n                      Marriage and Family\n                      ] 1: 36\u201337."},{"issue":"58","key":"bibr54-1461444820957257","first-page":"56","volume":"5","author":"\u5218\u73c2\u8c6a and \u738b\u7a0b\u7a0b [Liu KH and Wang CC]","year":"2017","journal-title":"\u6cd5\u5236\u535a\u89c8"},{"key":"bibr55-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u5218\u6653\u9ece and \u8d75\u601d\u8499 [Liu XL and Zhao SM] (2017) \u5bf9\u5973\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u88f8\u8d37\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u601d\u8003. \u667a\u5bcc\u65f6\u4ee3 [Some thoughts on the female university student naked loan phenomenon. Fortune Times] 5: 193\u2013194."},{"key":"bibr56-1461444820957257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14185\/j.cnki.issn1008-2026.2016.12.016"},{"key":"bibr57-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u6c88\u6cfd\u73ae [Shen ZW] (2016) \u88f8\u8d37 \u4e0e\u91ce\u86ee\u4eba. \u8054\u5408\u65e9\u62a5 [Naked loans and the beast. Lianhe Zaobao], 12 December. Available at: https:\/\/www.zaobao.com.sg\/forum\/zaodian\/zi-you-xi\/story20161212-700992"},{"key":"bibr58-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u4e2d\u65f6\u7535\u5b50\u62a5 [The China Times] (2016) \u5973\u5b66\u751f\u88f8\u7167\u62b5\u62bc\u8d37\u6b3e \u9646\u7248\u5361\u5974\u95ee\u9898. \u4e2d\u65f6\u7535\u5b50\u62a5 [Chinese female university student\u2019s use of naked \u0131mages for collateral: the mainland credit card slave problem. The China Times], 9 October. Available at: http:\/\/www.chinatimes.com\/cn\/realtimenews\/20161009001187-260409"},{"key":"bibr59-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u6c6a\u5efa\u541b [Wang JJ] (2016) \u552e\u5356\u88f8\u6761\u8272\u60c5\u662f\u771f, \u2018\u5973\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u2019\u53ea\u662f\u5e4c\u5b50. IT\u65f6\u62a5 [The sale of naked IOU pornography is real \u2013 but the \u2018female university students\u2019 are not. IT Times], 12 December. Available at: http:\/\/www.ebrun.com\/20161212\/206007.shtml"},{"key":"bibr60-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u6e29\u5a67 [Wen J] (2016) \u501f\u8d37\u5b9d\u8fdd\u89c4 \u2018\u8d5a\u5229\u5dee\u2019\u917f\u51fa \u2018\u88f8\u6761\u2019\u98ce\u6ce2. \u5317\u4eac\u9752\u5e74\u62a5 [Jiedaibao violates interest rates, leads to a storm of \u2018naked IOU\u2019. Beijing Youth Daily], 4 December. Available at: www.chinanews.com\/sh\/2016\/12-04\/8082894.shtml"},{"issue":"13","key":"bibr61-1461444820957257","first-page":"14","volume":"8","author":"\u8bb8\u6625\u7ea2 [Xu CH]","year":"2017","journal-title":"\u65b0\u95fb\u7814\u7a76\u5bfc\u520a"},{"key":"bibr62-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u5f20\u5fb7\u7b14 [Zhang DB] (2016a) \u5973\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7528\u88f8\u7167\u8d37\u6b3e\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u7684\u8def\uff0c\u8131\u5149\u4e5f\u8981\u8d70\u5b8c? \u4eca\u65e5\u8bdd\u9898 [Female university students using naked images to repay debt: would they complete the road they picked, even if it meant nudity? Jinrihuati], 16 June. Available at: http:\/\/view.news.qq.com\/original\/intouchtoday\/n3559.html"},{"key":"bibr63-1461444820957257","first-page":"28","volume-title":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5468\u520a","volume":"25","author":"\u5f20\u71d5 [Zhang Y]","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr64-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u5f20\u96c5 and \u674e\u94c1\u67f1 [Zhang Y and Li TZ] (2016) \u5927\u5b66\u751f\u6b20\u6b3e \u2018\u88f8\u6761\u2019\u9677\u7f51\u4e0a\u9ec4\u8272\u5229\u76ca\u94fe. \u5317\u4eac\u9752\u5e74\u62a5 [University students \u2018naked IOU\u2019 debt \u2013 a dive into the online pornography interest chain. Beijing Youth Daily], 17 June. Available at: http:\/\/epaper.ynet.com\/html\/2016-06\/17\/content_203814.htm"},{"key":"bibr65-1461444820957257","unstructured":"\u4e2d\u91d1\u7f51 [Zhongjinwang] (2016) \u2018\u88f8\u6761\u5356\u5bb6\u2019\u65e5\u8fdb\u516d\u5343\u591a \u6df1\u6316 \u2018\u88f8\u6761\u2019\u80cc\u540e\u60ca\u4eba\u5185\u5e55. \u4e2d\u91d1\u7f51 [Naked IOU seller makes 6000 a day, a deep investigation of the shocking story of naked IOUs. Zhongjinwang], 4 August. Available at: http:\/\/www.cngold.com.cn\/20160804d1897n77278629.html"}],"container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444820957257","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1461444820957257","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1461444820957257","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:50:59Z","timestamp":1777693859000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1461444820957257"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1461444820957257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1461444820957257","relation":{},"ISSN":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1461-4448","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]]}}}