{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T22:53:20Z","timestamp":1773183200218,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618444800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ander Foundation: Anne Marie och Gustav Anders Stiftelse f\u00f6r mediaforskning"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Information production, dissemination, and consumption are contingent upon cultural and financial dimensions. This study attempts to find cultures of engagement that reflect how audiences engage with news posts made by either commercial or state-owned news outlets on Facebook. To do so, we collected over a million news posts ( n\u2009=\u20091,173,159) produced by 482 news outlets in three Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) and analyzed over 69 million interactions across three metrics of engagement (i.e. comments, likes, and shares). More concretely, we investigate whether the patterns of engagement follow distinct patterns across national boundaries and type of outlet ownership. While we are skeptical of metrics of engagement as markers of specific cultures of engagement, our results show that there are clear differences in how readers engage with news posts depending on the country of origin and whether they are fully state-owned or private-owned outlets. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448211009246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T19:46:48Z","timestamp":1618516008000},"page":"95-118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Toward \u2018Cultures of Engagement\u2019? An exploratory comparison of engagement patterns on Facebook news posts"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0501-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul","family":"Ferrer-Conill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlstad University, Sweden; University of Stavanger, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4286-7764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karlstad University, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0643-2299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Haim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Leipzig, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9114-5464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aske","family":"Kammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish School of Media and Journalism, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Dag","family":"Elgesem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bergen, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6737-8129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helle","family":"Sj\u00f8vaag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Stavanger, Norway"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203803448"},{"key":"bibr2-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1940161213485990"},{"key":"bibr3-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21670811.2014.928106"},{"key":"bibr4-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0163443718813473"},{"key":"bibr5-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21670811.2018.1445001"},{"key":"bibr6-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17512786.2018.1542975"},{"key":"bibr7-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0094306118767649"},{"key":"bibr8-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9780262019835.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr9-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-03-2012-0054"},{"key":"bibr10-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21670811.2018.1445003"},{"key":"bibr11-14614448211009246","volume-title":"Editorial Analytics: How News Media Are Developing and Using Audience Data and Metrics","author":"Cherubini F","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr12-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0267323108098943"},{"key":"bibr13-14614448211009246","volume-title":"Comparing Political Journalism","author":"De Vreese C","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr14-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769900207900110"},{"key":"bibr15-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03468755.2018.1474023"},{"key":"bibr16-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1940161208323691"},{"key":"bibr17-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1527476417697271"},{"key":"bibr18-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21670811.2018.1440972"},{"key":"bibr19-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10584609.2018.1477506"},{"key":"bibr20-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444812472322"},{"key":"bibr21-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5771\/2192-4007-2018-2-58"},{"key":"bibr22-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511790867"},{"key":"bibr23-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2007.00303.x"},{"key":"bibr24-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1461670X.2010.512502"},{"key":"bibr25-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1748048509341895"},{"key":"bibr26-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2016.1241294"},{"key":"bibr27-14614448211009246","volume-title":"Culture\u2019s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values","author":"Hofstede G","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr28-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305117735754"},{"key":"bibr29-14614448211009246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16522354.2016.1238272"},{"key":"bibr30-14614448211009246","volume-title":"Post, Mine, Repeat. 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