{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:26:30Z","timestamp":1777937190853,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.sagepub.com\/licence-information-for-chorus"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HD069609 and R01 AG040213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HD069609 and R01 AG040213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 AG029409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 AG029409"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1157698 and 1623684"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1157698 and 1623684"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aging population is rapidly growing both in the United States and many other parts of the world. Simultaneously, technology is rapidly progressing, and new forms of media have become integrated into daily life and societal participation. This study uses time diary data from a panel survey of members of nationally representative households ( N\u2009=\u20091776) to explore patterns of media use and functionally equivalent leisure time among older adults. The data support a three-profile typology of older adult use of media and non-media leisure activities. These include the computer socializer, the hobbyist, and the television watcher. We elaborate on these patterns of use and explore correlates with demographic and well-being variables. We find no evidence that well-being significantly differs across profiles of media use but identify income and employment status as potential drivers of older adults\u2019 media activity, with implications for digital inequalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448211062393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T01:30:32Z","timestamp":1638927032000},"page":"2359-2380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Patterns of media use and leisure time among older adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9168-8530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonya","family":"Dal Cin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7740-8707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matea","family":"Mustafaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3771-5272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia State University, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Anderson M, Perrin A (2017) Tech adoption climbs among older adults. Pew Research Center. Available at: www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2017\/05\/17\/tech-adoption-climbs-among-older-adults\/"},{"key":"bibr2-14614448211062393","first-page":"291","volume-title":"Pergamon General Psychology Series. Vol. 146. Handbook of Clinical Gerontology","author":"Antonucci TC","year":"1987"},{"key":"bibr3-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.9.1.3"},{"key":"bibr4-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Bell C, Fausset C, Farmer S, et al. (2013) Examining social media use among older adults. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM conference on hypertext and social media, May, pp. 158\u2013163. ACM. Available at: https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1145\/2481492.2481509#:~:text=Among%20the%2069%25%20of%20those,research%20among%20this%20older%20population."},{"key":"bibr5-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860500409435"},{"key":"bibr6-14614448211062393","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Macarthur Foundation Series on Digital Learning\u2014Youth, Identity, and Digital Media Volume","author":"boyd d","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr7-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2010.02.008"},{"key":"bibr8-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJWBC.2011.038124"},{"key":"bibr9-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/147078539203400301"},{"key":"bibr10-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.51952\/9781447366584.ch016"},{"key":"bibr11-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/hea0000051"},{"key":"bibr12-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7401"},{"key":"bibr13-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470567333"},{"key":"bibr14-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15402002.2011.596599"},{"key":"bibr15-14614448211062393","volume-title":"Paper presented at the 78th Annual Convention of the Canadian Psychological Association","author":"Dal Cin S","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr16-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Duggan M, Ellison NB, Lampe C, et al. (2015) Social media update 2014. Pew Internet & American Life Project, Washington, DC. Available at: https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2015\/01\/09\/social-media-update-2014\/"},{"key":"bibr17-14614448211062393","volume-title":"Broadband Deployment Report","author":"Federal Communications Commission","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr18-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Freedman VA, Cornman JC (2015) The panel study of income dynamics\u2019 second supplement on disability and use of time (DUST 2013 files) user guide: release 2015.1. Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI."},{"key":"bibr19-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0040251"},{"key":"bibr20-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Gelman A, Loken E (2013) The garden of forking paths: why multiple comparisons can be a problem, even when there is no \u201cfishing expedition\u201d or \u201cp-hacking\u201d and the research hypothesis was posited ahead of time. Department of Statistics, Columbia University. Available at: http:\/\/www.stat.columbia.edu\/~gelman\/research\/unpublished\/p_hacking.pdf"},{"key":"bibr21-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2009.01.002"},{"key":"bibr22-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Hargittai E (2001) Second-level digital divide: mapping differences in people\u2019s online skills. arXiv preprint cs\/0109068. Available at: https:\/\/arxiv.org\/ftp\/cs\/papers\/0109\/0109068.pdf"},{"key":"bibr23-14614448211062393","unstructured":"He W, Goodkind D, Kowal P (2016) An aging world: 2015. Available at: https:\/\/www.census.gov\/content\/dam\/Census\/library\/publications\/2016\/demo\/p95-16-1.pdf"},{"key":"bibr24-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/J148v09n02_04"},{"key":"bibr25-14614448211062393","volume-title":"Television and the Child","author":"Himmelweit HT","year":"1958"},{"key":"bibr26-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/00346543051002193"},{"key":"bibr27-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Horrigan JB (2007) A typology of information and communication technology users. Pew Research Center, 6 May. Available at: https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2007\/05\/06\/a-typology-of-information-and-communication-technology-users\/"},{"key":"bibr28-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2011.08.011"},{"key":"bibr29-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20110054"},{"key":"bibr30-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2020.1749817"},{"key":"bibr31-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igz029"},{"key":"bibr32-14614448211062393","first-page":"71","volume-title":"Stress and Coping in Later-Life Families","author":"Krause N","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr33-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.53.9.1017"},{"key":"bibr34-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08934219009367509"},{"key":"bibr35-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537055"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr36-14614448211062393","first-page":"9","volume":"13","author":"Marshall K","year":"2001","journal-title":"Perspectives on Labour and Income"},{"key":"bibr37-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199934898.013.0025"},{"key":"bibr38-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X18000326"},{"key":"bibr39-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167202238373"},{"key":"bibr40-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/37.1.115"},{"key":"bibr41-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00298.x"},{"key":"bibr42-14614448211062393","volume-title":"Wireless Substitution: Early Release of Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, July\u2013December 2016","author":"National Center for Health Statistics","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr43-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.11.1.34"},{"key":"bibr44-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00027640121957277"},{"key":"bibr45-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Nielsen (2018) How America listens: the American audio landscape. Available at: https:\/\/www.nielsen.com\/us\/en\/insights\/article\/2018\/how-america-listens-the-american-audio-landscape\/"},{"key":"bibr46-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Nielsen (2019) Nielsen estimates 119.9 million television homes in the U.S. for the 2018-2019 television season. Available at: https:\/\/www.nielsen.com\/us\/en\/insights\/article\/2018\/nielsen-estimates-119-9-million-tv-homes-in-the-us-for-the-2018-19-season\/ (accessed 23 November 2021)."},{"key":"bibr47-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnq084"},{"key":"bibr48-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483326832.n10"},{"key":"bibr49-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701575396"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr50-14614448211062393","first-page":"302","volume":"12","author":"Ortega Egea JM","year":"2007","journal-title":"Information Research"},{"key":"bibr51-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/J148v14n03_05"},{"key":"bibr52-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Pew Research Center (2010) Use of the internet in higher-income households. Available at: https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2010\/11\/24\/use-of-the-internet-in-higher-income-households\/"},{"key":"bibr53-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Pew Research Center (2017a) A third of U.S. households have three or more smartphones. Available at: www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2017\/05\/25\/a-third-of-americans-live-in-a-household-with-three-or-more-smartphones\/ (accessed 10 June 2019)."},{"key":"bibr54-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Pew Research Center (2017b) Tech adoption climbs among older adults. Available at: www.pewinternet.org\/2017\/05\/17\/tech-adoption-climbs-among-older-adults\/ (accessed 11 July 2019)."},{"key":"bibr55-14614448211062393","unstructured":"Pew Research Center (2019) Digital divide persists even as lower-income Americans make gains in tech adoption. Available at: https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2019\/05\/07\/digital-divide-persists-even-as-lower-income-americans-make-gains-in-tech-adoption\/"},{"key":"bibr56-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/11219.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr57-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2011.602961"},{"key":"bibr58-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2015.1012532"},{"key":"bibr59-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2016-021"},{"key":"bibr60-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0267323105049631"},{"key":"bibr61-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/105846001750322952"},{"key":"bibr62-14614448211062393","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Computers, Phones, and the Internet: The Social Impact of Information Technology","author":"Shklovski I","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr63-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222216.1986.11969663"},{"key":"bibr64-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6924.2009.01122.x"},{"key":"bibr65-14614448211062393","unstructured":"US Census Bureau (2018) Older people projected to outnumber children for first time in U.S. history. Available at: https:\/\/www.census.gov\/newsroom\/press-releases\/2018\/cb18-41-population-projections.html (accessed 10 September 2019)."},{"key":"bibr66-14614448211062393","unstructured":"US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (2016) American time use survey \u2013 2015 results. Available at: https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/news.release\/archives\/atus_06242016.pdf"},{"key":"bibr67-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.6853"},{"key":"bibr68-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/S2050-206020150000010002"},{"key":"bibr69-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01687"},{"key":"bibr70-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2010.03.029"},{"key":"bibr71-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02855.x"},{"key":"bibr72-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X15000677"},{"key":"bibr73-14614448211062393","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000276488031003005"}],"container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14614448211062393","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/14614448211062393","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14614448211062393","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14614448211062393","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:53:11Z","timestamp":1777693991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/14614448211062393"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/14614448211062393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14614448211062393","relation":{},"ISSN":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1461-4448","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]}}}