{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T23:26:17Z","timestamp":1777937177915,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641945600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>After participating in US elections, voters have begun to share \u201cI voted\u201d selfies, or networked self-portraits that display their political participation. \u201cI voted\u201d selfies exist at the intersection of competing ideals of citizenship, including dutiful citizenship, which centers civic duty and voting, and self-actualizing citizenship, which focuses on individualized and expressive forms of political participation. I argue that these images can be understood through historically resonant communication practices, namely, as a mediated manifestation of 19th-century political congregations that I term embodied mass communication. To trace how voters perform embodied visions of citizenship through shared practices of digital self-representation, I conducted a content analysis of \u201cI voted\u201d selfies posted to Twitter on US Election Day 2016. In these selfies, voters present their bodies as civic evidence, frame individual representations to signify visual collectives, and creatively contextualize their political participation. Their selfies suggest how representational rituals can reflect and reconstitute citizenship models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448211068937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T07:40:26Z","timestamp":1641973226000},"page":"2399-2418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["\u201cIf you didn\u2019t take a selfie, did you even vote?\u201d: Embodied mass communication and citizenship models in \u201cI voted\u201d selfies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5593-2487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chelsea P","family":"Butkowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14614448211068937","first-page":"75","volume-title":"Selfie Citizenship","author":"Abidin C","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr2-14614448211068937","volume-title":"One Person, No Vote: How Voter Suppression Is Destroying Our Democracy","author":"Anderson C","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr3-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/S2050-206020160000011014"},{"key":"bibr4-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002716212451428"},{"key":"bibr5-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2011.01588.x"},{"key":"bibr6-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13621020902731116"},{"key":"bibr7-14614448211068937","first-page":"169","volume":"24","author":"Bishop S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Convergence"},{"key":"bibr8-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11421"},{"key":"bibr9-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-45270-8_6"},{"key":"bibr10-14614448211068937","first-page":"39","volume-title":"A Networked Self: Identity, Community, and Culture on Social Network Sites","author":"boyd d","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr11-14614448211068937","volume-title":"Celebrating Democracy: The Mass-Mediated Ritual of Election Day","author":"Brewin MW","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr12-14614448211068937","volume-title":"Rational Ritual: Culture, Coordination, and Common Knowledge","author":"Chwe MSK","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr13-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139035354"},{"key":"bibr14-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0032321717720374"},{"key":"bibr15-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9248.2007.00718.x"},{"key":"bibr16-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1386\/cc.2.1.73_1"},{"key":"bibr17-14614448211068937","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x"},{"key":"bibr18-14614448211068937","unstructured":"Embody (n.d.) 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